高二英語 Lesson 49
1. Four American students are comparing notes on famous people. 四個(gè)學(xué)生正在談?wù)撝目茖W(xué)家. compare notes exchange ideas or opinions 談?wù)�；交換意見/看法；對(duì)筆記；例如：The students often compare notes after class. 學(xué)生們下課后經(jīng)常對(duì)筆記. Mother and Aunt Liu like to compare notes about cooking. 媽媽和劉阿姨喜歡就烹調(diào)交換意見. compare…with… 將……與……作比較; compare…to… 將……比著……; compare with / to… 與……相比; 例如：If we compare the new China with the old China, we can see what great changes have taken place since liberation. 如果我們把新中國與舊中國加以比較，我們就能看出解放以來發(fā)生了多么巨大的變化. He compares books to friends. 他把書籍比著朋友. London is large, compared to / with Paris. 與巴黎相比，倫敦大一些.（相比較的形容詞必須用原級(jí)而不用比較級(jí)）
2. I’m doing a word puzzle in this newspaper. 我在猜報(bào)紙上的字謎. do a word puzzle do a puzzle in words 猜字謎，短語中的puzzle 是名詞. a thing that is difficult to understand or answer 例如：The murder case was a puzzle to the police. 這件謀殺案對(duì)警察當(dāng)局來說是個(gè)謎. It is a puzzle to me how he could know it. 我不清楚他是怎么知道這件事的. puzzle 也可用著動(dòng)詞. make you think a lot because you don’t understand 例如：This question puzzled all of us. 這個(gè)問題難倒了我們所有的人. I was puzzled by his problem and I didn’t know how to answer it. 我被他的問題難住了不知道怎么回答.
3. That fits the puzzle. 這才符合謎底. fit vi. /vt. be the right shape and size for sth. / sb. 例如：This coat fits me well. 這件外套正合身. We will fit the new suit on you. 我們馬上給你試穿新衣服. He fitted a new lock on the door. 他給門安裝了一把新鎖. adj. be fit for sth. / be fit to do sth. 例如： He is fit for the job / position. 他適合于干這項(xiàng)工作. If we go on polluting the world, it won’t be fit to live in. 如果我們繼續(xù)污染地球，它就不適合我們居住了.
4. What did he do? = What was he? 用于詢問某人的身份或職業(yè)，意思為“他是干什么的？” 回答可以用 be + 名詞，或者用行為動(dòng)詞 + 其他成分，例如：---What does he he do? ---Let me see. Oh, he is a doctor. / he works in a hospital. ---他是干什么的？ ---我來瞧瞧. 哦，他是個(gè)醫(yī)生.
5. Read the following and tell your classmates who they are .
A. The man was born in 1847. He was one of the greatest inventors of American history.
He got more than 1000 patents(專利) for his inventions. He sold newspapers on a train when he was very young. He died in 1931. on the evening of the day of his burial, millions of lights all across the United States were put out for one minute at 10 o’clock in honour of him.
B. He is generally known as one of the greatest scientists of all time. Only Albert Einstein,
perhaps, enjoys equal fame. He was born in 1642 in England. He developed the idea of universal gravitation. In his most famous book, <<Principles of Natural Philosophy>>, he explains his ideas on the universe, and give his famous three laws of motion.
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<<陳老師課堂>>重點(diǎn)難點(diǎn)點(diǎn)撥 高二英語 Unit 13
Lesson 50
1. By the time he was fourteen years old, he had had learned maths all by himself. 到了14 歲的時(shí)候，他就已經(jīng)自學(xué)了數(shù)學(xué). by oneself alone, without help 例如: He did it all by himself. 他自己做了那件事. The clock stopped by itself. 鐘自己停了.
2. All through his life Einstein was content to spend most of his time alone, although he married twice and had lots of close friends. 雖然他結(jié)過兩次婚，也有許多親密的朋友，但是在整個(gè)一生中，他愿意單獨(dú)度過他的大部分時(shí)光. content adj. feeling satisfaction 滿意的; 愿意的; be content to do sth. / be content with sth. be willing or ready to do sth. 例如: Tom is content with the result of the exam. 湯姆對(duì)考試的結(jié)果滿意. I’m well content to do so. 我愿意干那樣的事情. ***形容詞content 用well來修飾而不用very來修飾. content vt. to satisfy sb. 使……滿足; 例如: We should never content ourselves with book knowledge only. 我們決不能僅僅滿足于書本上的知識(shí). Simple praise is enough to content him. 簡(jiǎn)單的幾句贊美的話就足以使他心滿意足了.
3. With the pay that he received and saved, he went on with his studies at university, where he received a doctor’s degree in 1905. 用他掙來的工資和積存的錢，他繼續(xù)讀大學(xué)，并于1905年獲得博士學(xué)位. go on with sth. to continue an activity, especially after a break. 繼續(xù), 尤指中斷后再繼續(xù) 例如: After a while, he went on with the work. 過了一會(huì)兒他繼續(xù)干活. If we don’t finish the work today, we can go on with it tomorrow.
6. …h(huán)e began his research and studies which led to his new discoveries in physics. 他開始進(jìn)行了使他在物理學(xué)方面獲得新發(fā)現(xiàn)的研究工作. lead to 導(dǎo)致; 通向; 例如: Eating too much fat can lead to heart disease. 吃太多的脂肪會(huì)導(dǎo)致心臟疾病. Hard work leads to wealth / success. 辛勤勞動(dòng)導(dǎo)致成功 / 帶來財(cái)富.
7. At the end of the First World War in 1918, Einstein received worldwide praise for his scientific research. 1918年第一次世界大戰(zhàn)結(jié)束的時(shí)候，愛因斯坦的科學(xué)研究受到了世界范圍的廣泛贊揚(yáng). worldwide 世界范圍的; schoolwide 全校范圍的; 合成形容詞: 再如: world–famous; ice-cold; snow-white;
8. In 1933 Einstein and his family left Europe for the USA. 1933年愛因斯坦和他的家人離開歐洲前往美國. leave … for … 離開……前往……; leave for … 到……去; 例如: Mr. Johnson left for Skanghai yesterday. 約翰遜先生昨天動(dòng)身去上海了. ***leave后面跟 for而不是to. 在英語中, 表示 “往,來” 的動(dòng)詞, 如go, come, return 等后面的介詞用to; 表示 “離開, 起行” 的動(dòng)詞, 如 leave, sail, start, head 等后面的介詞不用to 而要用for. 例如: They headed straight for the West Park. 他們直奔西公園而去. We started for the cotton field early in the morning. 那天早上我們很早就動(dòng)身去了棉田.
9. Besides his work in physics, he spent a lot of time working for human rights and progress. 除了在物理學(xué)方面的工作之外，他還花了大量的時(shí)間為人權(quán)和人類的進(jìn)步而工作. human rights 人權(quán) right n. 正義; 公理 例如: He is too young to know the difference between right and wrong. 他太小了還不能分辨是非. rights 權(quán)利 例如: Women must stand up and fight for their rights. 婦女們應(yīng)該奮起為自己的權(quán)利而斗爭(zhēng).
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<<陳老師課堂>>重點(diǎn)難點(diǎn)點(diǎn)撥 高二英語 Unit 13
Lesson 51
1. Before Einstein, scientists believed that light travelled through space in a straight line. 在愛因斯坦之前，科學(xué)家們認(rèn)為光是以直線穿過太空的. space 太空; 宇宙空間.(不可數(shù)名詞) 不加冠詞. 例如: The earth moves through space. 地球在太空中運(yùn)行. The universe exsits in space. 宇宙存在于太空中運(yùn)行. 空間; 空地. Have you got enough space to work in? 你有足夠的地方工作嗎?
2. But Einstein was able to prove that light coming from the star was bent as it passed the sun. 然而愛因斯坦卻能證明從恒星來的光線當(dāng)其經(jīng)過太陽的時(shí)候變彎曲了. prove vt. 證明; 例如: Who can prove it? 誰能證明這件事情? This will prove to the world that we are right. 這將向全世界證明我們是正確的. Can you prove where you were on May 10th? 你能證明五月十日那天你在哪兒?jiǎn)? link-v. 證明是; 事實(shí)表明. History proved them wrong. 歷史證明他們錯(cuò)了. His advice proved very helpful. 他的建議證明很有幫助的. She proved a very strict teacher. 事實(shí)證明她是一位嚴(yán)格的老師.
3. …h(huán)e could also work out how far the stars would appear to have moved. 他還能把恒星看上去移動(dòng)了的距離也計(jì)算了出來. appear link-v. 似乎是 后接動(dòng)詞不定式或形容詞做表語. 例如: He appeared to be very friendly with us. 他對(duì)我們顯得很友好. You appear to have read the book. 看起來你曾讀過這本書. It appears + that 從句 例如: It appears that he is satisfied with the work. 看起來他對(duì)這項(xiàng)工作挺滿意的. appear與seem的區(qū)別: appear給人以外表印象, 含有實(shí)際上并非如此之意; seem判斷接近于事實(shí). 比較下面的兩個(gè)句子: He appears quite young. (他實(shí)際上并不年輕) He seems quite young. (他的確看上去很年輕)
4. But Eistein stuck to his opinion and went on with his research. 但他堅(jiān)持他的觀點(diǎn)并且繼續(xù)不斷的進(jìn)行他的研究. stick to sth. 堅(jiān)持; 堅(jiān)守(原則, 計(jì)劃, 決定, 意見, 諾言); 堅(jiān)持干某事; 例如: Don’t stick to your opinion. 不要堅(jiān)持己見. He sticks to his ideal. 他忠實(shí)于自己的理想. 對(duì)比insist on 堅(jiān)持(主張, 看法); 例如: He insisted on his correctness. 他堅(jiān)持認(rèn)為自己是正確的. They insisted on leaving right away. 他們堅(jiān)持要馬上走.
5. From that time on Einstein was greatly respected as the leading scientist of the century. 從那時(shí)起，愛因斯坦倍受尊敬，被公認(rèn)為本世紀(jì)最杰出的科學(xué)家. 1). respect sb. as… 將某人作為……來尊敬; respect sb. for… 因?yàn)椤鹁茨橙? 例如: We repected her as a good teacher. 我們把她作為一位優(yōu)秀的好老師而尊敬她. She was respected by her students for her good teaching. 她因?yàn)榻虒W(xué)好而受到尊敬. 2). leading adj. 主要的 例如：Who is the leading actor in the film? 誰是這部電影的男主角？China is now playing a leading role in the economy of Asian and the Pacific areas. 中國正在亞太地區(qū)經(jīng)濟(jì)中發(fā)揮著重要作用.
6. As Switzerland did not take sides in the war. 因?yàn)槿鹗吭诖髴?zhàn)中沒有支持任何一方. take sides to support sb. 站在……一方 例如：You mustn’t take sides in the argument. 你絕不可以偏袒爭(zhēng)吵中的任何一方. Please take sides with me. 請(qǐng)站在我這邊. take the side of sb. = take one’s side = stand on one’s side.
7. What he wanted to see was an end to all the armies of the world. 他想要看到的是，世界上
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的一切軍隊(duì)全都消亡. end n. 終點(diǎn)；末端；盡頭. cigarette ends 煙頭; at the end of 在……盡頭; the end of the year 年底; make ends meet 收支相抵; bring …to an end 結(jié)束, 完成, 終止; for / to this end 為此; 為了達(dá)到這一目的; gain / achieve / obtain / reach / win one’s end 達(dá)到目標(biāo); an end to … ……的結(jié)束; 例如: The Chinese strongly demand an end to all unequal treaties. 中國人民強(qiáng)烈要求廢除一切不平等條約.
8. When Germany was ruled by Hitler in the early 1930s, …. 在20世紀(jì)30年代初期希特勒統(tǒng)治著德國的時(shí)候. rule vt.統(tǒng)治, 控制. n. 規(guī)則, 統(tǒng)治; 例如：We hope that our governmentwill rule with justice. 我們希望我們的政府能夠公正治國. The United States has been trying to maintain their leading rule in the world.
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<<陳老師課堂>>重點(diǎn)難點(diǎn)點(diǎn)撥 高二英語 Unit 13
Lesson 52
1. By the time he was fourteen, Einstein had already taught himself advanced mathematics . 到了14 歲的時(shí)候，愛因斯坦就已經(jīng)自學(xué)了高等數(shù)學(xué). advance vi./ vt. 推進(jìn); 促進(jìn); 前進(jìn); 例如： His work advanced the science of physics. 他的工作促進(jìn)了物理學(xué)的發(fā)展. A month has passed and the work has not advanced. 一個(gè)月過去了 而工作卻毫無進(jìn)展. We are advancing along the socialist road. 我們正沿著社會(huì)主義道路前進(jìn). advanced先進(jìn)的; 高級(jí)的; 例如：an advanced worker 先進(jìn)工作者; an advanced engineer高工; advanced mathematics 高等數(shù)學(xué).
2. He studied hard and took his degree at the end of his course 他勤奮學(xué)習(xí)并且在課程結(jié)束時(shí)獲得了學(xué)位. course n. 過程; 進(jìn)程; 課程; 一道菜; in the course of discussion 在討論期間; a short-term course 短訓(xùn)班; radio course in English 英語廣播講座. We had four courses for dinner this evening. 今晚我們吃了四道菜.
language Study:
Noun Clauses as the Subject (主語從句)
主語從句在復(fù)合句中做全句的主語. 引導(dǎo)主語從句的連接詞有that; whether; who; what;
which; when; where; how; why . 引導(dǎo)主語從句的連接詞不能省略. 請(qǐng)注意下面的例句:
1. That she was chosen made us very happy. 她的當(dāng)選使我們很高興.
2. Who will go there is not very important. 誰將去那兒并不重要.
3. What we need is more time. 我們所需要的是更多的時(shí)間.
4. When they will start has not been decided yet. 他們何時(shí)動(dòng)身還沒有決定.
5. Where she has gone is not known yet. 她去了哪兒還不知道
6. How he became a scientist is known to all. 大家都知道他是怎樣成為一位科學(xué)家的.
上述例句中的主語從句都放在句首. 但有時(shí)主語從句放在句首, 會(huì)使句子顯得笨重, 特別是主語從句太長時(shí). 因此我們常用it做形式主語, 而把主語從句放到句子的后面去. 例如:
7. It is a pity that she has made such a mistake. 真遺憾她犯了這樣一個(gè)錯(cuò)誤.
8. It is strange that he didn’t come yesterday. 真奇怪他昨天沒有來.
用it 做形式主語的主語從句常用的句型有:
It is possible / important / necessary / clear that… 很可能…… / 重要的是…… / 必要的是…… / 很清楚…… It is a pity that…. 很遺憾……
It is said / reported / well-known / that… 據(jù)說…… / 據(jù)報(bào)道…… / 眾所周知……
It seems / appears / happens that… 顯然…… / 似乎是…… / 碰巧……
*** 使用It is possible / important / necessary / clear that…句型時(shí), 從句的謂語用虛擬語氣. (should + 動(dòng)詞原形), should可以省略. 例如:
It is necessary that we should learn some English grammar. 我們學(xué)一點(diǎn)英語語法很有必要.
*** whether引導(dǎo)的主語從句, 常置于句首, 偶爾也能后置. 例如:
It is not yet known weather / if they will go there. 還不知道他們是否會(huì)去那兒
*** If不可以放在句首用來引導(dǎo)主語從句, 但偶見放在主句后面引導(dǎo)主語從句
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