【單元知識綱要】
類別
語 言 項 目
備注
語音
a i oi
[ei] y [ai] [ i]
ay ie oy
詞
匯
單詞見(常用單詞積累)
掌
握
They mustn’t look, pass…from…to
You’d(had)better…. Thank you all the same
in front of, at the front/back of
on the left/right(side), next to, ask for
日
常
交
際
用
語
Where do you/does she sit? I sit/she sit…
Excuse me. Where’s the nearest post office, please?
Walk along this road and take the first
turning on the left.
You’d better catch a bus.
Which number do I take?
You take a number 47 bus.
Thank you all the same.
掌
握
語
法
1.表示需要:He needs some help.
2.詢問方向:Is there a bank near here?
3.指點方向:Go along this road.
4.介詞短語:in front of/next to/in the middle of/at the front(back) of/in the front row/on
the left(right)/outside/from…to…
掌
握
核心知識
【常用單詞積累】
hospital, hotel, station, theatre, bookshop, toilet, museum, left, right, post, office, stop, police,side, need, along, turn, turning, restaurant,bank,coin, as(conj),street, fruit, college, gate, front, back, next ,keep, place
post office, train station, police station, bus stop, all the same, had better, ask for, look for, do with, get to-reach-arrive in(at), read maps, catch a bus, take a number…bus, stand in a row walk/go along(down) the road, keep one’s eyes closed, ask sb. to do sth., from one to another, between…and…, next to, on the left/right side, at the front/back of, in the middle of, in front of
on the other side of 在…的另一邊,在…的對岸
take the …turning on the left/right=turn left/right at the…crossing
【基礎(chǔ)知識精講】
1.He sits next to me.他坐在我旁邊。
next to意為“貼近、緊挨著”。例:
① Jim is standing next to Tom.吉姆站在湯姆旁邊。
② The hospital is next to the station.那個醫(yī)院緊挨著車站。
2. on the left=on the left side=on the left hand side在左邊。
on the right=on the right side=on the right hand side在右邊
on my left在我的左邊,on WeiHua’s right在魏華的右邊
on the right of the classroom.在教室的右邊
(1)left,right在此作名詞,意為“左、右”,前面的定冠詞不能省略
(2)1eft,right作副詞時,表示“向左”、“向右”、“在左側(cè)”、“在右側(cè)”
例:①Right turn!向右轉(zhuǎn)!
②Turn left at the first crossing.在第一個十字路口向左轉(zhuǎn)。
(3)right作形容詞時,表示“正確的”、“對的”其反義詞為wrong.
例:①Find the right place.找到正確的位置
②Is that the right time?那是正確的時間嗎?
3.in the back/front row. 在后/前排
(1)back,front作形容詞,意為“后面的”、“前面的”,他們互為反義詞。例:
the front/ back blackboard.前面/后面的黑板
(2)back作名詞,意為“背”。例: He is lying on his back.他仰面躺著。
4.He often asks policeman for help.他經(jīng)常請求警察幫助。
(1)ask…for向…要求,請…給予,例:
① He doesn’t have a pencil and asks me for one.
他沒有鉛筆就向我要了一支。
② Go and ask him for help.去要他幫忙。
(2)ask for要求得到,請求,找(某人),例:
① He goes into the restaurant and asks for a cup of beer.
他走進(jìn)飯店要了一杯啤酒。
② Where can I ask for him?我可以在哪里找他?
5.The nearest is about 4 kilometres away(from here).
最近的離這里大約有4公里遠(yuǎn)。
在課文中 The nearest指的是 The nearest police station
(1)away在這里作副詞,意為“離…(多少)遠(yuǎn)”它跟在具體數(shù)字距離之后,
例:
① The theatre is about 100 metres away from here.
劇院離這里大約100米遠(yuǎn)。
② How far away is it?它多遠(yuǎn)?
(2)若抽象地說“某地離這兒很遠(yuǎn)”,則用“be far from.”
例: Our school is very far from the factory.
我們學(xué)校離工廠很遠(yuǎn)。
6. Walk along this road.沿著這條路走。
(1)along在這里是介詞,意為“沿著、順著”
例:Walk/go along the street.順著這條街走。
Walk on along the road.順著這條馬路繼續(xù)走。
(2)along作副詞時,意為“在前面”、“向前”
例:① It’s about two hundred metres along on the right.
它在前面右邊大約200公尺左右的地方。
② The dog is running along after the boy.那狗跟著男孩后面跑著。
(3)along,up,down都可作介詞表示“沿著”。
up表示“向高(處)、向…上面”,如: go up a hill登上一座山。
down表示“向(低處),沿著…往下”,如:run down a ladder/along下梯子,沒有向上、向下之別。
7.They pass the coin from one student to another--first one way,then another.
他們把一枚硬幣從一個學(xué)生傳到另一個學(xué)生--先從這邊傳過去,然后再從那邊傳過來。
(1)from…to… 從…到… 例如:
① Mr. Black often travels from China to England.
布萊克先生經(jīng)常來往于中國和英國之間。
② His mother works from morning to night sometimes.
他的媽媽有時從早到晚地工作。
(2)first…then 先…后… 例如:
First I’m going to do my homework,then I’ll watch TV.
我先做作業(yè),然后看電視。
8.What do they do with the coin?他們怎樣處置這枚硬幣?
do With對付,處理,如:
① I can do with the man easily.我對付那人很容易。
② What do you do with your old bike?你怎樣處理你的舊自行車的?
【重點難點解析】
1.in front of和 in(at) the front of的區(qū)別
in front of表示“在…前面”,指某一范圍之外的前面與 before意義相近。其反義詞是 behind.in(at)the front of表示“在…前部”,指的是某一范圍里面的前面,其反義詞是 at the back of,例:
There is a big tree in front of the house. 房前面有一棵大樹。
The teacher is standing in the front of the classroom.
老師正站在教室的前部。
介詞at,in都可以用來表示空間位置,at側(cè)重于某一點,in側(cè)重于范圍。
2.He needs some help.他需要一些幫助。
(1)need在此作實義動詞,意為“需要”,和其它實義動詞一樣,有人稱和數(shù)動變化,后面可跟名詞、動詞不定式等。例:
① Which bus do I need to take?我需要乘哪路車?
② She doesn’t need answering the question.她不必回答這個問題。
(2)need作情態(tài)動詞,意為“需要”,多用于疑問句和否定句中,其后跟動詞原形。例:
① We needn’t go to school on weekends.周末我們不需要上學(xué)。
② Must I go home now? No,you needn’t
我必須現(xiàn)在回家嗎? 不,不必了。
3.(1)catch a bus乘公共汽車,類似的還有:
take a bus/ go by bus/ take a number 16 bus
(2)You’d better = you had better
had better意為“最好…”,表達(dá)說話人的建議,勸告或意愿,它沒有人稱、數(shù)和時態(tài)的變化,其后跟動詞原形,其否定形式是在 had better后加 not,其一般疑問形式只需把had提前到句首即可。例:
① You’d better put on your coat. It’s very cold here.
你最好穿上外套。這兒很冷。
② You’d better not talk in class. 上課時你最好不要說話。
③ Had she better stay here? 她最好留在這兒嗎?
④ You’d better be quiet.你最好安靜下來。
4.The other students in the class keep their eyes closed.
班上的其他學(xué)生緊閉著眼睛。
(1)句中 keep意為“使…處于某種狀態(tài)”常用 keep+名詞或代詞+介詞短語或形容詞或V.-ing結(jié)構(gòu)。例:
① Please keep your hands behind your backs.請把你們的手放在背后。
② We must keep our class room clean and tidy.
我們必須保持教室干凈、整潔。
③ It’s very late now. Don’t keep your mother waiting for you.
現(xiàn)在很晚了,不要讓你媽媽老等你。
(2)the other與another
the other指兩個人或事中的另一個,后面既可跟單數(shù)名詞,也可跟復(fù)數(shù)名詞;
another指三個或三個以上的人或事中的另一個。例:
① I am better at English than the other students in our class.
我在英語方面比我們班其他學(xué)生好些。
② He has two brothers. One is in Beijing, the other is in Shanghai.
他有兩個哥哥。一個在北京,一個在上海。
③ I have an English lesson this morning, and I have another this afternoon.
今天上午我有一節(jié)英語課,今天下午我還有一節(jié)。
5.The teacher tells the other students to open their eyes and guess who has the coin.
老師要其他的學(xué)生睜開眼睛,猜猜誰有硬幣。
(1)此句中有一固定句型“tell sb. to do sth.”意為“吩咐(要)某人做某事”,to do sth.,為動詞不定短語,它作sb.的賓語補(bǔ)足語。類似的句型還有:
ask sb.to do sth.請求某人做某事
want sb. to do sth. 想要某人做某事
order sb. to do sth. 命令某人做某事,等等,其否定式,只需在“to do”前加否定詞“not”即可。例:
① Jim asks me to help him with his Chinese.
吉姆請我?guī)退麑W(xué)習(xí)漢語。
② My parents tell me to work hard on English.
我的父母要我努力學(xué)習(xí)英語。
③ I want her not to lend my books to others.
我想要她不把我的書借給別人。
(2)… who has the coin在此為賓語從句,賓語從句中要用陳述語序。
6.詢問方向與指點方向
(1)英語中常用詢問方向的句型有:
① Is there a post office near here? 這兒附近有郵局嗎?
② Where’s the nearest post office? 最近的郵局在哪里?
③ Which is the way to the post office? 到郵局怎么走?
④ Can you tell the way to the post office? 你能告訴我去郵局的路嗎?
⑤ How can I get to the post office? 到郵局怎樣走?
(2)指點方向常見的表達(dá)式有:
① Go/walk along this street road沿著這條街/路走
② Take the first/…turning on the left/right
在第一個/……路口向左/右轉(zhuǎn)
③ It’s about four kilometres away from here.它離這兒大約4公里遠(yuǎn)。
④ The post office is along the road on the right.郵局在這條馬路的右邊。
⑤ It’s over there on the left.它在那邊左側(cè)。
⑥ It’s quite far from here.它離這兒很遠(yuǎn)。
⑦ It’s next to the hopital.它在醫(yī)院的旁邊。
⑧ It’s in front of/behind the school.在學(xué)校前面/后面。
典型例題
【課本難題解答】
練習(xí)冊P102第3題
此題皆為諺語,需課外掌握。
1.金窩銀窩,不如自己的窩好(狗窩)。
2.心所向之,四海為家。
3.條條大路通羅馬。
4.入鄉(xiāng)隨俗。
5.有志者,事競成。
6.千里之行,始于足下。
【有關(guān)"Unit 6 Find the right palce!" 的教學(xué)設(shè)計】
教學(xué)設(shè)計1. Find the Right Place!
學(xué)習(xí)目標(biāo):
1.熟練掌握和運用下列重點詞匯和短語。
need, turn, look for, catch a bus, over there, all the same, go along
2.掌握下列問路的用語。
(1)Excuse me, where is the nearest post office?
(2)Is there a post office near here?
(3)Go(walk) along this road and take the second turning on the left.
(4)Can you tell me the way to the nearest post office?
教案內(nèi)容:
內(nèi)容1:教學(xué)重點與難點
教學(xué)設(shè)計2. 初二英語 Lesson 24
學(xué)習(xí)目標(biāo):
New words
well, toilet, nut
New Phrases
all the time, go boating, meet at half past two, get some food, count them, have a drink, one of them
Patterns of sentences
1)Great!
2)How many monkeys can you see?
3)Look at those ducks. What`re / What are they eating?
4)It`s too hard.
5)I hear one of panda has a baby.
6)Let`s go!
教案內(nèi)容:
內(nèi)容1:教學(xué)過程
教學(xué)設(shè)計3. 初二英語 Lesson 22
學(xué)習(xí)目標(biāo):
New words
no, zoo, animal, live, dog, panda, tiger, elephant, monkey
New Phrases
a little earlier, on Sunday, outside the park gate, on land, in China, have a look at
Patterns of sentences
1)When/ Where shall we meet?
2)Shall we go to the park?
3)Let`s make it a little earlier.
4)What about a quarter past two?
5)What do you think?
6)Good idea!
7)OK!
8)All right!
9)Why not ...?
10)I have/ I`ve no idea.
教案內(nèi)容:
內(nèi)容1:教學(xué)過程
教學(xué)設(shè)計4. 初二英語 Lesson 21
前言
Teaching Tools:
tape recorder, pictures and some new word cards
學(xué)習(xí)目標(biāo):
New words
shall, park, first, meal, quarter, past, finish, then, minute
New Phrases
a quarter to ten, a quarter past eight, half past ..., ten minutes to..., be free, next Tuesday evening, I think so.
Patterns of sentences
1)What time shall I come?
2)May I come then?
3)Shall we meet ...?
4)Would you like to come to supper/lunch/...
5)I would/ I`d love to!
教案內(nèi)容:
內(nèi)容1:教學(xué)過程
教學(xué)設(shè)計5. 初二英語 Lesson 23
學(xué)習(xí)目標(biāo):
New words
boat, boating, hear, inside, chicken, duck
New Phrases
have a good time, be good at, inside the park, climb that hill, meet at the zoo, a little earlier, look at those people, like boating, finish our homework, look like a chicken
Patterns of sentences
1)Which animal do you like best?
2)Shall we do something? No, let`s do something else.
3)Look at those people! They are boating.
4)What does that boat look like?
5)I don`t think chicken can swim.
6)Can you hear?
7)Where are they?
8)Let`s meet inside.
9)Let`s make it half past two.
教案內(nèi)容:
內(nèi)容1:教學(xué)過程
教學(xué)設(shè)計6. 初二英語 Lesson 21
前言
教具
錄音機(jī);教學(xué)掛圖(也可仿照插圖復(fù)制)。
學(xué)習(xí)目標(biāo):
1.詞匯(略)。
2.日常交際用語;
[詢問方向和指點方向]
Excuse me.Where’s the nearest post office,please?
It’s over there on the right/left.
教案內(nèi)容:
內(nèi)容1:教學(xué)過程
教學(xué)設(shè)計7. 初二英語 Lesson 22
前言
教具
錄音機(jī);上一課使用的掛圖等。
學(xué)習(xí)目標(biāo):
1.詞匯(略)。
2.句型:
You’d better catch a bus.
3.日常交際用語:
[詢問方向和指點方向]
1)Excuse me.Is there a post office near here?
2)Walk along this road and take the fourth turning on the left/right.
3)It’s about a hundred meters along on the left/right.
4)It’s about four kilometers away.
[表示需要]
1)Which number do I need,please?
2)I think you need a number47.
教案內(nèi)容:
內(nèi)容1:教學(xué)過程
教學(xué)設(shè)計8. 初二英語 Lesson 23
前言
教具
錄音機(jī);簡圖一張(完全模仿課文插圖,圖中各個地點可用方塊代替。并標(biāo)明英文)。
學(xué)習(xí)目標(biāo):
1.詞匯(略)。
2.日常交際用語:繼續(xù)學(xué)習(xí)有關(guān)提示方向的用語。
教案內(nèi)容:
內(nèi)容1:教學(xué)過程
教學(xué)設(shè)計9. 初二英語 Lesson 24
前言
教具
錄音機(jī);音標(biāo)卡片等。
學(xué)習(xí)目標(biāo):
1.語音:掌握本課中出現(xiàn)的輔音字母及輔音字母組合的讀音。
2.日常交際用語:小結(jié)表示需要的用語;小結(jié)有關(guān)詢問方向和指點方向的用語。
教案內(nèi)容:
內(nèi)容1:教學(xué)過程
教學(xué)設(shè)計10. 初二英語Unit 6
教案內(nèi)容:
內(nèi)容1:重點難點
內(nèi)容2:教學(xué)過程
常見問題1: 初二英語上學(xué)期第六單元1
問題:
He is ____ his pen,but he can’t ____ it.
A. looking for……find
B. looking for…look for
C. finding out…find.
解答:
分析 答案是 A, look for指“尋找”,強(qiáng)調(diào)找的過程;find指“找到”強(qiáng)調(diào)找的結(jié)果; find out指“找出”強(qiáng)調(diào)經(jīng)過一番努力,才能找到。
常見問題2: 初二英語上學(xué)期第六單元2
問題:
You’d better ____ late again.
A. not to B. not to be C. not be
解答:
分析 答案是 C,You’d better后應(yīng)接動詞原形,它實質(zhì)是省“to”的不定式,所以其否定式是 You’d + better + not + v.
常見問題3: 初二英語上學(xué)期第六單元3
問題:
Children ____ play on the road.
A. must B. need C. mustn’t
解答:
分析 答案是C,must是情態(tài)動詞,其否定式mustn’t用于陳述句表示“禁止,千萬不要”。而need作情態(tài)動詞常用于否定和疑問句。
常見問題4: 初二英語上學(xué)期第六單元4
問題:
Are you good at ____ maps?
A. reading B. read C. look at
解答:
分析 答案是A,因為at介詞,其后應(yīng)接名詞(動名詞)或代詞作賓語。又因為這是說的“看地圖”實質(zhì)上指的是“看懂”、“看明白”,所以應(yīng)用“reading。”
常見問題5: 初二英語上學(xué)期第六單元5
問題:
How ____ is it from WuHan to Beijing?
A. long B. away C. far
解答:
分析 答案是C,long指時間多長,或某物的長度,away常跟在數(shù)字之后。far表示距離遠(yuǎn)。