比較級(jí)和最高級(jí)及其使用
形容詞的比較級(jí)和最高級(jí)
說(shuō) 明 例 詞
一般情況 加er, est smaller,smallest
以e 結(jié)尾 加r,st larger,largest
單音節(jié)詞和少數(shù)多音節(jié)的形容詞，加詞尾er ,est 以"輔音字母+y "結(jié)尾的詞 改y為i，再加er,est busier,busiest
重讀閉音節(jié)結(jié)尾，末尾只有一個(gè)輔音字母 雙寫(xiě)末尾輔音字母，加er,est fatter,fattest
以ow,er結(jié)尾的雙音節(jié)詞 加er ,est narrower,narrowest cleverer,clevest
多數(shù)雙音節(jié)和多音節(jié)的詞 加more most more beautiful, most important
副詞的比較級(jí)和最高級(jí)
1．大多數(shù)以ly結(jié)尾的副詞前加more 和most 來(lái)構(gòu)成比較級(jí)和最高級(jí)。
2．少數(shù)單音節(jié)副詞，加er,est 構(gòu)成其比較級(jí)和最高級(jí) 。
幾個(gè)特殊的形容詞和副詞
原級(jí) 比較級(jí) 最高級(jí)
good ,well better best
bad, ill, badly worse worst
many ,much more most
little less least
far farther, further farthest,further
old older, elder oldest, eldest
比較級(jí)和最高級(jí)的常用句型
名稱(chēng) 句型 例句
相等 as 原形 as (as 原形+名詞 as ) The train travels as fast as the 3:55 train. He has not as much money as his friend.
不及 not as(so) 原形 as (not as[so ]+名詞+原形 as ) She is not as (so)beautiful as her sister.
比較級(jí)+ than Health is more important than wealth.
超越 the +比較級(jí)+of the two 兩者中較… 的一個(gè) He is the taller of the two.
用于否定 no +比較級(jí)+than 和…一樣不 He is no richer than I. 他和我一樣不富有。
用于否定 最…不過(guò) His work couldn't be worse. 他的工作再糟糕不過(guò)了。
程度遞增 er and er，more and more+多音節(jié)詞原級(jí) (越來(lái)越…) higher and higher more and more important
兩種情況同時(shí)變化 the +比較級(jí)，the+比較級(jí) �。ㄔ健�，越…） The quicker you get ready, the sooner we'll be able to leave.
三者或三者以上比較 the +最高級(jí)+of/in+比較范圍 �。ā凶睢� Of all things in the world, people are the precious.
比較級(jí)結(jié)構(gòu)的修飾語(yǔ)
1．用于原級(jí)之前：
almost, nearly, just, exactly, quite, half , twice,three times , a third,etc.
John is almost as tall as you.
The river is three times as long as that one.
We have a third as many students as we had last term.
2．用于比較級(jí)前
many, a few (用于"more +可數(shù)名詞"前)
It takes many more hours to go there by train than by plane.
a lot, much , a bit, even, a little , still, a great deal, far, rather, two years, ten percent,three times etc.
It's cold this year, but it's even colder last year.
We produced 6% more grain this year than we did last year.
3．用于形容詞和最高級(jí)前
the very , much the ,by far the ,the first/second
This hat is by far the largest in the world.
Gold is the very most valuable of all materials .
位置與功能
高考重點(diǎn)要求
1．掌握形容詞、副詞比較級(jí)、最高級(jí)的常用句型及用法
2．掌握形容詞、副詞的原級(jí)、比較級(jí)和最高級(jí)修飾語(yǔ)及倍數(shù)的比較表達(dá)。
3．注意多外形容詞修飾同一名詞的前后順序。
4．分清常用同義與近義形容詞在表達(dá)中的語(yǔ)義差別。
此項(xiàng)語(yǔ)法內(nèi)容從1991年到達(dá)2001年間共出現(xiàn)45次（包括上海題），可見(jiàn)其重要。
形容詞作用與位置
1．定語(yǔ)。
在名詞前做定語(yǔ)，為最常見(jiàn)用法。請(qǐng)注意多個(gè)形容詞（含其它起形容詞作用的詞）做前置定語(yǔ)的順序。
"縣官行令殺國(guó)才。"這一句就概述了形容詞順序問(wèn)題。即：
限（冠詞[物主代詞、指示代詞]數(shù)詞等）觀 （描繪） 形（大小、形狀等） 齡 （年齡、新舊等）色（色彩）國(guó)（國(guó)籍、出處等）材（材料、功用等）
an interesting English film a heavy black Chinese silk umbrella
做后置定語(yǔ)。修飾由不定代詞no ,any, some ，every和one,thing等構(gòu)成的復(fù)合詞或形容詞短語(yǔ)。
2．表語(yǔ)。一定要注意系動(dòng)詞的出現(xiàn)情況。這是一個(gè)高考熱點(diǎn)問(wèn)題。
常見(jiàn)系動(dòng)詞有：be
變化系詞： become, get ,turn, grow, go
保持系詞： keep ,remain, stay
感觀系詞： look, smell , taste, feel, sound,appear , seem ,prove etc.
3.形容詞作狀語(yǔ)，表狀況、原因、結(jié)果等。這也是應(yīng)注意的一點(diǎn)。
He went to bed , cold and hungry.
4.做賓補(bǔ)。
N：①某些以a 開(kāi)始的形容詞只做表語(yǔ)，不做定語(yǔ)。
afraid, alike, alone, asleep ,awake，alive
�、谀承┍砩眢w健康狀況的形容詞只能做表語(yǔ),不做定語(yǔ)
well, ill faint
�、勰承┮�-ly 結(jié)尾的詞是形容詞而不是副詞。
friendly, lively, lovely, lonely, likely, deadly, orderly 等。
�、軓�(fù)合形容詞的形式問(wèn)題。
an 800-meter-wide river an English-speaking country a middle-aged man
副詞
位置
1）時(shí)間副詞和地點(diǎn)副詞一般放于句尾。如同時(shí)出現(xiàn)，則地點(diǎn)副詞在前。
They went boating in Zhongshan Park yesterday.
2)表頻率的時(shí)間副詞是高考的熱點(diǎn)
always, seldom, often, never, rarely, usually 等，通常放于行為動(dòng)詞之前，be詞、情態(tài)動(dòng)詞和助動(dòng)詞之 后。
He is always telling lies,so I will never believe him.
3)程度副詞一般放在被修飾詞之前（但 enough除外）
He is very young ,so he is not old enough to go to school.
N:有些副詞有兩種形式，一個(gè)與形容詞同形，一個(gè)以ly 結(jié)尾，但它們的含義是不同的。
closely-close nearly-near freely-free deeply-deep highly-high widely-wide 等。
以ly 結(jié)尾的詞表較為抽象的含義，而與形容詞同形的副詞則表較為具體的概念。
He is highly praised for what he has done. (高度地)
He can see a bird is flying high in the sky.（飛得高，具有可見(jiàn)性）
練習(xí)、形容詞和副詞
高考題選：
1. John has three sisters. Mary is the ___ of the three. (MET88)
A. most cleverest B. more clever C. cleverest D. cleverer
2. The students are___ young people between the age of sixteen and twenty. (MET88)
A. most B. almost C. mostly D. at most
3. She told us ___story that we all forgot about the time. (MET88)
A. such an interesting B. such interesting a
C. so an interesting D. a so interesting
4. It is impossible for so___ workers to do so work in a single day. (MET88)
A. few, much B. few, many C. little, much D. little, many
5. The horse is getting old and can't run ___ it did. (MET88)
A. as faster as B. so fast than C. so fast as D. as fast as
6. The story sounds___ . (MET89)
A. to be true B. as true C. being true D. true
7. I'd been expecting ___ letters the whole morning, but there weren't ___ for me. (MET89)
A. some; any B. many; a few C. some; one D. a few; none
8. This year they have produced ___ grain ___ they did last year. (MET89)
A. as less; as B. as few; as C. less; than D. fewer; than
9. After the new technique was introduced, the factory produced ___ tractors in 1988 as the year before. (MET90)
A. as twice many B. as many twice
C. twice as many D. twice many as
10. The pianos in the other shop will be , but______ . (MET90)
A. cheaper; not as better B. more cheaper; not as better
C. cheaper; not as good D. more cheap; not as good
11. ---Can I help you?
---Well, I'm afraid the box is___ heavy for you, but thank you all the same. (MET90)
A. so B. much C. very D. too
12.---Excuse me, is this Mr. Brown's office?
---I'm sorry, but Mr. Brown ___ works here. He left about three weeks ago. (MET90)
A. not now B. no more C. not still D. no longer
13. If we had followed his plan, we could have done the job better with ___ money and ___ people. (MET90)
A. less; less B. fewer; fewer C. less; fewer D. fewer; less
14. Oh, John. ___ you gave me! (MET90)
A. How a pleasant surprise B. How pleasant surprise
C. What a pleasant surprise D. What pleasant surprise
15. ---How did you find your visit to museum?
---I thoroughly enjoyed it. It was ___ than I expected. (MET91)
A. far more interesting B. even much interesting
C. so more interesting D. a lot much interesting
16. Canada is larger than ___ country in Asia. (NMET91)
A. any B. any other C. other D. another
17. Those oranges taste___ . (MET91)
A. good B. well C. to be good D. to be well
18. The experiment was ___ easier than we had expected. (NMET91)
A. more B. much more C. much D. more much
19. ___ food you've cooked! (NMET91 )
A. How a nice B. What a nice
C. How nice D. What nice
20. Go and get your coat. It's ___ you left it. (MET92)
A. there B. where C. there where D. where there
21. John was so sleepy that he could hardly keep his eyes___ . (MET92)
A. open B. to be opened C. to open D. opening
22. ---Are you feeling ___?
---Yes, I' m fine now. (NMET92)
A. any well B. any better C. quite good D. quite better
23. Which is___ country, Canada or Australia? (MET92)
A. a large B. larger C. a larger D. the larger
24. ---Will you give this message to Mr. White, please?
---Sorry, I can't. He ___. (MET92)
A. doesn't any more work here B. doesn't any longer here work
C. doesn't work any more here D. doesn't work here any longer
25. How can you finish the drawing? (MET92)
A. often B. soon C. long D. rapid
26. ___ terrible weather we've been having these days! (MET92)
A. How a B. What a C. How D. What
27. It takes a long time to go there by train. It's___ by road. (MET93)
A. quick B. the quickest C. much quick D. quicker
28. ___ from Beijing to London! (MET93)
A. How long way it is B. What a long way is it
C. How long way is it D. What a long way it is
29. She doesn't speak___ her friends, but her written work is excellent. (MET93)
A. as well as B. as often as C. so much as D. as good as
30. ---Mum, I think I'm___ to get back to school.
---Not really, My dear. You'd better stay at home for another day or two. (NMET93)
A. so well B. so good C. well enough D. good enough
31. ---If you don't like the red coat, take the blue one.
---OK, but do you have size___ in blue? This one's a bit tight for me. (NMET93)
A. a big B. a bigger C. the big D. the bigger
32. John plays footbal___ , if not better than, Davi. (NMET94)
A. as well B. as well as C. so well D. so well as
33. We all write___ ,even when there's net much to say. (NMET94)
A. now and then B. by and by C. step by step D. more or less
34. ---Do you remember ___ he came?
---Yes I do, he came by car. (NMET94)
A. how B. when C. that D. if
35. If there were no examinations, we should have ___at school. (NMET94)
A. the happiest time B. a more happier time
C. much happiest time D. a much happier time
36. ---Have you finished your report yet?
---No, I'll finish in___ ten minutes. (NMET95)
A. another B. other C. more D. less
37. ---I'd like ___ information about the management of your hotel, please.
---Well, you could have ___ word with the manager. He might be helpful. (NMET95)
A. some; a B. an; some C. some; some D. an; a
38. If we work with a strong will, we can overcome any difficulty,___ great it is. (NMET95)
A. what B. how C. however D. whatever
39. We decided not to climb the mountains because it was raining ____. (NMET96)
A. badly B. hardly C. strongly D. heavily
40. How beautifully she sings! I have never heard ___. (NMET96)
A. the better voice B. a good voice
C. the best voice D. a better voice
41. Tony is going camping with ___ boys. (NMET93)
A. little two other B. two little other
C. two other little D. little other two
42. ---How was your recent visit to Qingdao? (NMET95)
---It was great. We visited some friends, and spent ___the days at the seaside.
A. few last sunny B. last few sunny
C. last sunny few D. few sunny last
43. Can you believe that in ___ a rich country there should be _ many poor people? (MET95)
A. such; such B. such; so C. so; so D. so; such
44. Wait till you are more___ .It's better to be sure than sorry. (NMET97)
A. inspired B. satisfied C. calm D. certain
45. Professor White has written some short stories, but he is ___ known for his plays. (NMET98)
A. the best B. more C. better D. the most
46.___ to take this adventure course will certainly learn a lot of useful skills. (NMET2000 )
A. Brave enough students B. Enough brave students
C. Students brave enough D. Students enough brave
47. It's always difficult being in a foreign country, ___ if you don't speak the language. (NMET2000 )
A. extremely B. naturally C. basically D. especially
48. I am surprised that you should have been fooled by such a (an) ___ trick. (2001 春招)
A. ordinary B. easy C. smart D. simple
49. It is generally believed that teaching is___ it is a science. (NMET2001)
A. an art much as B. much an art as
C. as an art much as D. as much an art as
50.---I'm very ___with my own cooking. It looks nice and smells delicious.
---Mm, it does have a ___smell. (2002春招)
A. pleasant; pleased B. pleased; pleased
C. pleasant; pleasant D. pleased; pleasant
51.Boris has brains. In fact ,I doubt whether anyone in the class has ___IQ.
A. a high B. a higher C. the higher D. the highest