王青
【New words and expressions】生詞和短語
beggar n. 乞丐
pocket n. 衣服口袋
call v. 拜訪，光顧
knock at the door 敲門
in return for... 作為報答
stand on one’s head 倒立
a piece of cheese 一塊奶酪
★beggar n. 乞丐
beg v.乞求： I beg your pardon?
beg for 乞求得到
★pocket n. 衣服口袋
inner pocket 內(nèi)口袋；jacket pocket 夾克的口袋；coat pocket 大衣口袋；beer money (男人的)零花錢
pocket book 袖珍書；pocket dictionary 袖珍詞典；pocket pick 車上的小偷
pocket money (小孩的)零花錢；change 零錢；get exact change 準(zhǔn)備好正確的零花錢
★call v. 拜訪, 光顧
① vt.&vi. 叫，喊
I heard someone calling. call out =shout 大聲喊
② vt. 呼喚，召喚
Lucy is sick. Please call a doctor.
③ vi. 訪問，拜訪；（車、船等）停靠 call in/at call by at 順便拜訪
The train calls at large stations only. 這列火車只停大站。
I’ll call by at the shops on my way home.在回家的路上，我要順便去了趟商店。
call on sb. 拜訪某人：I will call on you. 我要去你家。
call at+地點＝visit someplace 拜訪某地：I will call at your home. 我要去你家。
④ vt.&vi. 打電話
call sb =call up sb. =ring sb up 給某人打電話
call back 回某人電話：Can you take a message for me? =Can you tell him to call back?
call in sb. 招集和邀請某人
For the project, the government called in a lot of experts.
【Text】
I have just moved to a house in Bridge Street. Yesterday a beggar knocked at my door. He asked me for a
meal and a glass of beer. In return for this, the beggar stood on his head and sang songs. I gave him a meal. He ate
the food and drank the beer. Then he put a piece of cheese in his pocket and went away. Later a neighbour told me
about him. Everybody knows him. His name is Percy Buttons. He calls at every house in the street once a month
and always asks for a meal and a glass of beer.
參考譯文
我剛剛搬進(jìn)了大橋街的一所房子. 昨天一個乞丐來敲我的門, 問我要一頓飯和一杯啤酒. 作為回報, 那乞丐頭頂?shù)氐沽⑵饋? 嘴里還唱著歌. 我給了他一頓飯. 他把食物吃完, 又喝了酒. 然后把一塊乳酪裝進(jìn)衣袋里走了. 后來, 一位鄰居告訴了我他的情況. 大家都認(rèn)識他, 他叫珀西.巴頓斯. 他每月對這條街上的每戶人家光顧一次, 總是請求給他一頓飯和一杯啤酒.
【課文講解】
1、Yesterday a beggar knocked at my door.
★knock v. 敲門
① vi. 敲門
I knocked, but no one answered.
knock at 敲（門、窗等）：knock at the door；knock at the window
② vt.&vi. 碰撞，把……撞倒，如果有地點，用介詞off；無地點，用介詞over
You always knock things off the table. 你總是碰掉桌上的東西。
Jim was knocked over by a bus this morning. 今天上午吉姆被一輛公共汽車撞倒了。
She has knocked a cup over again. 她又碰倒了一個杯子。
The car knocked the boy over. 汽車把他撞倒了。
③ vt. 把（某人）打成……狀態(tài)，knock out 打暈, 在拳擊場合中, 把人打倒在地叫knock out(專用術(shù)語)
He did not know how to fight, but he knocked the boxer out.
He knocked Tom out yesterday. 他昨天把湯姆打昏過去了。
④ 與 off連用時有一些特殊含義，一般用于口語
vt. （價格上）減去，除去，打折扣
They knocked five dollars off the price of the coat.
The shop assistant knocked 10% off the bill.（He reduced the price by 10%.）
vi. 下班，停止，中斷（工作等）
it’s past 6 now so let’s knock off. 現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)六點多了 我們收工吧。
When do you usually knock off? 你一般什么時候下班？
He knocked off for lunch at half past eleven. 他十一點半休息吃中午飯。
2、He asked me for a meal and a glass of beer.
ask (sb.) for sth =request for sth. 問某人要什么東西（for 為了這個目的去請求某人, sb.更多的時候不出現(xiàn)）
The boy asked (his parents)for money again/once more.
3、In return for this, the beggar stood on his head and sang songs.
①in return for this 作為對……的回報，作為交換（介詞短語）（this 在代詞當(dāng)中常常指代上文的一件事情）
I'll buy a present for him in return for hospitality. （hospitality adj. 熱情）
In return for your help, I invite you to spend the weekend with my family.
換成不定式：to return the favour
②in return 作為回報
You lent me this interesting book last month. In return (for it), I’ll show you some picture books.
He doesn't want anything in return. 他不想得到任何回報
③stand on one’s head 倒立
④stand on one's hands 用手著地(hand單數(shù)就是一只手, 雙手復(fù)數(shù))
stand on one's knees 跪著, 膝蓋
lie on one's back 仰面躺著
lie on one's side 側(cè)躺
lie on one's stomach 趴著
4、He calls at every house in the street once a month and always asks for a meal and a glass of beer.
calls at 光顧，拜訪
in the street（英國）/on the street（美國）
once a month 一個月一次, 單位表達(dá)方式
once adj. 表示每……一次（表示頻率時后面直接加表示時間的名詞）, 計量單位“/” （每……）
He goes back to the South once a year.
once every two month每兩個月一次；twice a month一個月兩次；three times a week一周三次。
a bar of soap一塊肥皂；a piece of cloth一塊布；two bags of flour/sugar兩袋面粉/糖；some tea一些茶葉；
a piece/set of furniture一件/套家具。
Lesson 7 Too late
【New words and expressions】生詞和短語
detective n.偵探
airport n.機場
expect v.期待，等待
valuable adj.貴重的
parcel n.包裹
diamond n.鉆石
steal v.偷
main adj.主要的
airfield n.飛機起落的場地
guard n.警戒，守衛(wèi)
precious adj.珍貴的
stone n.石子
sand n.沙子（不可屬）
the Customs (House) 海關(guān)
★detective n. 偵探
detective story 偵探小說
★airfield n. 飛機起落的場地
port 港口；airport 航空港 ；at the airport 在機場
field 田野；airfield 停機坪；on the airfield 在停機坪上
★expect v. 期待, 等待
① vt.&vi. 預(yù)計，預(yù)料
Jim has failed in mathematics as his teacher expected.
正如他老師所預(yù)料的那樣，吉姆數(shù)學(xué)考試沒及格。
② vt. 等待，期待，盼望（心理上的等待）
They are expecting guests tonight. 今晚有人要去他們那里作客。
expect所表示的等待一般暗含著根據(jù)某些信息或規(guī)律而作出相應(yīng)反應(yīng)的意思，而wait for 主要接續(xù)“等待”這個動作本身。
expect sth.
I expect a letter from Jimmy.
expect sb.to do sth. 期待某人做某事
I expect you to write back.；I expect my mother to come back.
wait for sth./sb. 動作上的等待
I wait for my mother.
③ vt. 認(rèn)為，猜想（一般用于口語）
I expect so./I think so. 我希望如此［口語］
I expect you’ve heard the news. 我想你已經(jīng)聽到這個消息了。
★precious adj. 珍貴的 （very valuable）
value n.&v. 價值；valuable adj.有價值的
precious adj. 珍貴的（帶有一定的感情色彩）
sth.is valuable/sth.is precious ； precious photo 珍貴的照片
-less 表否定：
priceless adj. 沒有價格的, 無價的；valueless adj. 沒有價值, 不足道的；worthless adj. 無價值的
★diamond n. 鉆石
diamond ring 鉆石戒指；precious stone 寶石；crystal 水晶；jade 玉
★steal（stole，stolen） v. 偷
① vt.&vi. 偷盜，行竊
英語中“偷”用steal和rob 來表達(dá)，賓語是物，用steal；賓語是人，用rob；跟地點相連，也用rob
steal sth. 偷(某物)
My wallet was stolen我的錢包被偷了. ；John never steals. 約翰從不偷東西。
rob sb. 搶(某人)
I was robbed. ；rob the bank
② vt. 巧妙地占用，偷偷地弄到手
He has stolen away Mary’s heart. 他已贏得瑪麗的芳心。
③ vi. 偷偷地行動，悄悄靠近
He stole into the room. 他悄悄地進(jìn)了房間。
★main adj. 主要的（不能與人連用）
main building；main street；main sentence；main idea
★guard n. 警戒, 守衛(wèi)
life guard 救生員；body guard 保鏢；keep guard 守望，警戒，守衛(wèi)；stand guard 站崗，放哨
They kept a close guard over the thieves. 他們對小偷們嚴(yán)加看管。
【Text】
The plane was late and detectives were waiting at the airport all morning. They were expecting a valuable
parcel of diamonds from South Africa. A few hours earlier, someone had told the police that thieves would try to
steal the diamonds. When the plane arrived, some of the detectives were waiting inside the main building while
others were waiting on the airfield. Two men took the parcel off the plane and carried it into the Customs House.
While two detectives were keeping guard at the door, two others opened the parcel. To their surprise, the precious
parcel was full of stones and sand!
參考譯文
飛機誤點了, 偵探們在機場等了整整一上午. 他們正期待從南非來的一個裝著鉆石的貴重包裹. 數(shù)小
時以前, 有人向警方報告, 說有人企圖偷走這些鉆石. 當(dāng)飛機到達(dá)時, 一些偵探等候在主樓內(nèi), 另一些偵探
則守候在停機坪上. 有兩個人把包裹拿下飛機, 進(jìn)了海關(guān). 這時兩個偵探把住門口, 另外兩個偵探打開了
包裹. 令他們吃驚的是, 那珍貴的包裹里面裝的全是石頭和沙子!
【課文講解】
1、The plane was late and detectives were waiting at the airport all morning.
all 一般直接加表示時間的單數(shù)名詞構(gòu)成副詞短語，如：all day，all night，all week，all winter，all year
等。但不說all hour。
whole在表達(dá)同樣的意思時一般要加冠詞或數(shù)詞，如a whole day/year，two whole weeks。
all morning=all the morning
The plane was late 飛機晚(點)了；The bus was late./The train was late.
detectives 沒有強調(diào)一些偵探或者那些偵探, 強調(diào)偵探這種人，籠統(tǒng)感念, 可不加some, the
2、A few hours earlier, someone had told the police that thieves would try to steal the diamonds.
a few hours earlier 幾個小時以前 = a few hours before/a few hours ago
would +do 過去將來時,間接方式, 轉(zhuǎn)述, 站在過去看未來
3、When the plane arrived, some of the detectives were waiting inside the main building while
others were waiting on the airfield.
代詞others常常和some連用，表示“有些（人）……，也有些（人）……”或“有的……，其余的……”
one…the other… 一個……另一個……
some…others… 一些……另一些……
Some students are very hard-working, others are not. (others=other+名詞復(fù)數(shù))
★while 與此同時 連接兩個同時發(fā)生的分句
①與此同時
My father is reading newspaper while my mother is cooking(at the same time)
②轉(zhuǎn)折
He is hardworking while his brother is lazy(whereas)
4、Two men took the parcel off the plane and carried it into the Customs House.
take sth. off…=take sth. away from…
and carried it into…carried 表示看得很重
5、While two detectives were keeping guard at the door, two others opened the parcel. To their surprise, the
precious parcel was full of stones and sand!
…were keeping guard at the door, two others opened the parcel.
表面上是分工, 兩個動作同時發(fā)生, 不是同時開始同時結(jié)束, 延續(xù)時間不一致, 長一點時間的動作用進(jìn)行時態(tài), 短時間的動作用過去時.
When someone knocked at the door, I was having dinner.
at the door 在門邊(固定搭配)
To one’s +表達(dá)人情緒的名詞:
to one's surprise,讓某人驚訝的是：To my surprise, the teacher was late.
to one’s disappiontment讓某人失望的是
to one's joy：To my joy, my mother came here yesterday.
to one's excitement：To our excitement, our team wins.
be full of ...裝滿 = be filled with
My bag was full of books. ； The cup is full of water.
Precious：very valuable非常珍貴
A grain of sand一粒沙子
A pile of sand 一堆沙子
6. Two men took the parcel off the plane and carried it into the Customs House.
Off 表示離開
He kicked the snow off his shoes before getting in.他在進(jìn)屋之前把鞋子上的雪踢掉
She took the painting off the wall他把墻上的畫摘掉。