王青
【New words and expressions】生詞和短語（17）
Hubble n. 哈勃
telescope n. 望遠(yuǎn)鏡
launch v. 發(fā)射
space n. 空間
NASA (National Aeronautics and Space Administration) 國家航空和航天局
billion n. 10 億
faulty adj. 有錯(cuò)誤的
astronaut n. 宇航員
shuttle n. 航天飛機(jī)
Endeavour n. “奮進(jìn)”號(hào)
robot-arm n. 機(jī)器手
grab v. 抓
atmosphere n. 大氣層
distant adj. 遙遠(yuǎn)的
galaxy n. 星系
universe n. 宇宙
eagle eye 鷹眼
★space n. 空間(指宇宙空間)
room n. 空間（不可數(shù)）；房間（可數(shù)）
Could you make room for me? 你能為我騰一點(diǎn)空間嗎?
★robot-arm n. 機(jī)器手
robot n. 機(jī)器人, 遙控設(shè)備, 自動(dòng)機(jī)械, 機(jī)械般工作的人
★atmosphere n. 大氣層
atmosphere n. 大氣，空氣，氣氛，氛圍
I went to the New Concept English of New Oriental school for its good atmosphere.
【Text】
The Hubble telescope was launched into space by NASA on April 20,1990 at a cost of over a billion dollars.
Right from the start there was trouble with the Hubble. The pictures it sent us were very disappointing because its
main mirror was faulty! NASA is now going to put the telescope right, so it will soon be sending up four
astronauts to repair it. The shuttle Endeavour will be taking the astronauts to the Hubble. A robot-arm from the
Endeavour will grab the telescope and hold it while the astronauts make the necessary repairs. Of course, the
Hubble is above the earth's atmosphere, so it will soon be sending us the clearest pictures of the stars and distant
galaxies that we have ever seen. The Hubble will tell us a great deal about the age and size of the universe. By the
time you read this, the Hubble's eagle eye will have sent us thousands and thousands of wonderful
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pictures.
參考譯文
哈勃望遠(yuǎn)鏡于1990 年4 月20 日由國家航空航天局發(fā)射升空, 耗資10 多億美元. 從最開始哈勃望遠(yuǎn)鏡
就有問題. 它傳送給我們的圖像很令人失望, 因?yàn)樗闹饕R子有誤差. 國家航天局準(zhǔn)備糾正這一錯(cuò)誤,
為此將把4 名宇航員送入太空修復(fù)望遠(yuǎn)鏡. “奮進(jìn)” 號(hào)航天飛機(jī)將把宇航員送上哈勃. 當(dāng)宇航員進(jìn)行必要的
修復(fù)工作時(shí), “奮進(jìn)” 號(hào)上的一只機(jī)器手將抓住望遠(yuǎn)鏡并托住它. 當(dāng)然, 哈勃位于地球的大氣層之外, 因此,
它很快就會(huì)給我們傳送我們所見到過的、有關(guān)行星和遠(yuǎn)距離星系的最清晰的照片. 哈勃將告訴我們有關(guān)宇
宙的年齡和大小的許多事情. 等到你讀到這篇文章時(shí), 敏銳的哈勃望遠(yuǎn)鏡已經(jīng)為我們送來了成千上萬張精
彩的照片.
【課文講解】
1、The Hubble telescope was launched into space by NASA on April 20,1990 at a cost of over a billion
dollars.
at a cost of … 造價(jià)為……，耗資，以……的價(jià)格/費(fèi)用
He has just built a new house for his family at a cost of $10,000.
NASA = National Aeronautics and Space Administration
(美國)國家航空和宇宙航行局（單詞縮寫一般都是組織或者機(jī)構(gòu)）
2、Right from the start there was trouble with the Hubble.
right from the start 從最開始（right 起強(qiáng)調(diào)作用）
He didn’t want to work at the firm (right) from the start.
trouble with… 關(guān)于……有麻煩
What's the trouble with you? 你有什么麻煩? (醫(yī)生常這樣問)
There is (engine) trouble with my car.
3、The pictures it sent us were very disappointing because its main mirror was faulty!
fault n. 錯(cuò)誤； faulty adj. 有錯(cuò)誤的
Sorry, it's my fault.
4、NASA is now going to put the telescope right, so it will soon be sending up four astronauts to repair it.
put sth. right 修好（故障等），校正，糾正
Remember to put the lights right tomorrow.
send up 往上送
5、A robot-arm from the Endeavour will grab the telescope and hold it while the astronauts make the
necessary repairs.
hold it 抓住它
6、The Hubble will tell us a great deal about the age and size of the universe.
a great deal 大量
a great deal of… 大量的……
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7、By the time you read this, the Hubble's eagle eye will have sent us thousands and thousands of wonderful
pictures.
by the time 到那時(shí)
engle eye 鷹眼，銳利目光
His father’s eagle eye is always on him.
thousands and thousands of 成千上萬的
There are hundreds of thousands/thousands and thousands of cars in this city.
【Letter Writing】
常見的書信開頭：
I have not heard from you for some time, so…
It was very kind of you to…
【Key structures】
將來完成時(shí)、將來進(jìn)行時(shí)和將來完成進(jìn)行時(shí)
將來完成時(shí)的構(gòu)成：will have done，表示到將來某一時(shí)刻已經(jīng)完成的動(dòng)作，必須和某個(gè)時(shí)間狀語連用，
強(qiáng)調(diào)到將來某一點(diǎn)時(shí)間動(dòng)作的結(jié)束。
Workers will have completed the new roads by the end of this year.
將來進(jìn)行時(shí)的構(gòu)成：will be doing，表示將來某個(gè)時(shí)候正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作或表示計(jì)劃好的事，陳述將來的
事實(shí)。
They will be arriving here tomorrow.
將來完成進(jìn)行時(shí)的構(gòu)成：will have been doing，表示某種狀況一直持續(xù)到說話人所提及的時(shí)間，從某一
點(diǎn)發(fā)生, 一直延續(xù)到將來的某一點(diǎn), 并且將可能延續(xù)下去，強(qiáng)調(diào)到將來某一點(diǎn)時(shí)間動(dòng)作可能結(jié)束或延續(xù)。
By this time next week, I will have been working for this firm for twenty years.
By Friday midday, they will have been working on it for seven days.
（work on sth. 關(guān)于……的工作）
在時(shí)間狀語從句中，要用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)代替將來完成時(shí)：
By the time I’ve completed this one, I’ll have been writing for six years.
到我寫完這本書時(shí)，我將已經(jīng)寫了6年書了。
When I’ve built this one, I’ll have built five altogether.
【Special Difficulties】
Cost, Price, Value
cost
①n. 價(jià)格，價(jià)錢，費(fèi)用（側(cè)重指某項(xiàng)服務(wù)、工程等），成本（復(fù)數(shù)）
at the cost of 以……的費(fèi)用，造價(jià)……
They built the bridge at a cost of over $600,000.
I don’t know the costs of these cars. 我不知道這些車的成本是多少。
② vt. 價(jià)錢為……，（使）花費(fèi)（不用于被動(dòng)語態(tài)）
The new car cost him $5,000.
How much did it cost to launch the Hubble telescope into space?
What does this blouse cost, please? 請(qǐng)問, 這件襯衣多少錢?
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price
①n. 價(jià)格，價(jià)錢（側(cè)重于指某個(gè)具體東西或商品的價(jià)錢），物價(jià)（復(fù)數(shù)）
How much is that blouse? Let's ask the price.
What’s the price of the dress, please?
Prices are going up again. 物價(jià)又上漲了。
②v. 問……的價(jià)錢，查明/查詢……的價(jià)格；給……定價(jià)/標(biāo)價(jià)
They priced cars for two days before they bought one.
The dress is priced at $50, but you can have it at $40.
I want to price the bed linen in a few other shops before I buy any.
我想在買床單之前打聽幾家商店的價(jià)格.
value
①n. 表示抽象的價(jià)值或重要性，價(jià)值觀（復(fù)數(shù)）
The stolen items were of sentimental, rather than financial value.
被盜物品更具有情感上的涵義, 而不是經(jīng)濟(jì)上的價(jià)值.
This book is of great value to me.
His values are different from those of mine.
② vt. 尊重，重視
value sth. 認(rèn)為……有價(jià)值
value sth. owned by oneself 敝帚自珍
Value your time. 珍惜時(shí)間
If you don’t value my advice, I’ll speak no more.
Exercise練習(xí)
1 There has been a sharp rise in the(price)(cost)(value) of living.
2 Whenever I buy anything new, my father always asks me the(value)(cost)(price).
3 If you have to work for something you will(value)(price)(cost) it more.
4 That house(valued)(cost)(priced) a fortune to build.
5 Dr. James's work is of enormous(value)(cost)(price) to the community.
6 Jane has(valued)(cost)(priced) the alternative products and she recommends this one.
7 So far, ten countries have given money towards the(value)(price)(cost) of rebuilding after the earthquake.
1 sharp rise: 大幅上升的
the cost of living 生活的費(fèi)用
2 price 價(jià)格
3 value : 表示認(rèn)為有價(jià)值
4 fortune : 一大筆財(cái)產(chǎn)
cost 花費(fèi)
5 community : 社區(qū),社會(huì)
value : 價(jià)值
of great (enormous)value有巨大的價(jià)值（enormous adj. 巨大的）
6 alternative 另外的
recommend : 推薦
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price sth. 比較價(jià)格
7 towards = to
the cost of rebuilding 重建費(fèi)用
【Multiple choice questions】
2 The Hubble telescope ___a___.
a. will tell us a great deal about the universe
b. cost a lot but was almost worthless
c. will measure the size of the earth
d. requires constant care from the astronauts
constant n. [數(shù)、物]常數(shù), 恒量；adj. 不變的, 持續(xù)的, 堅(jiān)決的
5 A robot-arm will hold the telescope ____a____the astronauts to repair it.
a. for b.so that c. so long as d.which
for sb. to do sth. 基本結(jié)構(gòu)
so that+句子；so long as+句子: 表示只要；which + 句子
11 The main mirror of the Hubble ____d___.
a. had problems b. was distant c. was the clearest d. requires repairs
had problems 有問題
problem with sth. ……出問題 (習(xí)慣用法)
There was a problem with its main mirror.
problem的兩個(gè)含義：question；trouble
reauires repairs需要修理
12 The Hubble is ____d___the earth's atmosphere.
a. below b. over c. within d. outside
above 在……之上(凌空)
above the earth’s atmosphere 在大氣層的上方
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