不及物動(dòng)詞
不及物動(dòng)詞get的用法也很多,不同的搭配有不同的意義。
1.用于“get+形容詞”;get相當(dāng)于系動(dòng)詞,構(gòu)成系表結(jié)構(gòu)說(shuō)明主語(yǔ)的狀況、性質(zhì)、特征等情況。例如:
She got sick. [她生病了。]
Please don't get angry. [請(qǐng)不要生氣。]
值得一提的'是,英國(guó)著名語(yǔ)法專家斯旺(M. Swan)先生在1980年出版的專著《實(shí)用英語(yǔ)慣用法》中指出:get不能與表示顏色的形容詞構(gòu)成系表結(jié)構(gòu)。例如不說(shuō):
* Leaves get brown.
但可以把get改為go:Leaves go brown.[樹(shù)葉變棕色。]
另外,get用進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)來(lái)表示狀態(tài)的改變。例如:
The weather is getting cold. [天氣逐漸變冷。]
I'm getting very deaf, you know. [你知道,我的耳朵越來(lái)越聾了。]
用進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)的get還可以與形容詞的比較級(jí)連用,強(qiáng)調(diào)漸進(jìn)過(guò)程。例如:
The things are getting worse. [事情變更糟了。]
Our life is getting better and better. [我們的生活是越來(lái)越好了。]
2.用于“get+副詞”,表示位置的變換;其中一些已成為成語(yǔ)。例如:
Where did you get on? [你上哪兒去了?]
The news soon got abroad. [這消息很快就傳開(kāi)了。]
3.用于“get+不定式”(構(gòu)成復(fù)合謂語(yǔ)),表示一種狀態(tài)的變化。例如:
How did you get to be captain? [你怎么當(dāng)上隊(duì)長(zhǎng)的?]
I'll never get to understand him. [我永遠(yuǎn)不會(huì)理解他。]
4.用于“get+現(xiàn)在分詞”;這種用法主要見(jiàn)于美國(guó)英語(yǔ)。例如:
We'd better get going, I suppose. [我想我們最好趕緊動(dòng)身。]
They got talking and didn't notice the time. [他們談了起來(lái)并沒(méi)有注意時(shí)間。]
5.用于“get+過(guò)去分詞”;這時(shí)get表示的是相當(dāng)于become(即系動(dòng)詞)的意思,后面的過(guò)去分詞屬形容詞范疇(即形容詞化的過(guò)去分詞),作主語(yǔ)補(bǔ)語(yǔ)。例如:
He got very worried. [他變得很擔(dān)心。]
She gets easily excited. [她很容易激動(dòng)。]