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英語四級真題試卷
現(xiàn)如今，我們最離不開的就是試卷了，經過半個學期的學習，究竟學到了什么?需要試卷來幫我們檢驗。大家知道什么樣的試卷才是規(guī)范的嗎？以下是小編為大家收集的英語四級真題試卷，希望對大家有所幫助。
英語四級真題試卷1
四級聽力答案
news1
Q1:B、Q2:D
news2
Q3:C、Q4:B
news3
Q5:A、Q6:D、Q7:A
Conversation 1
Q8:D、Q9:C、Q10:D、Q11:A
Conversation 2
Q12:B、Q13:B、Q14:C、Q15:A
Passage 1
Q16:C、Q17:D、Q18:B
Passage 2
Q19:D、Q20:A、Q21:A
Passage 3
Q22:C、Q23:B、Q24:C、Q25:D
2024年6月四級聽力原文(第二套)
Conversation 1 Echo
M:Whats the bestway toteach childrenhow to saveand spend theirmoney?
W:You should make money a regular topic of discussion.Its best to startyoung,soits instinctiveratherthana scarysubject.
M:In ourfamily,wetalk openly aboutthings likethe budget forholidays,howtaxes reduceyour income,andhow to shop around for the best deals.
W:Indeed.Its also essentialto make moneyreal forchildrenthrough practical examples.Workingouthowmuch we save using discount pizzacoupons,forexample,is muchmore relevantthanabstract sums.
M:We alsogiveourkids pocket money,andtheamountthey get islinked to chores,such asputting thebinsoutandemptyingthe dishwasher.
W:Wedo that too,anditspaidaccordingtotheir age.Two pounds for eachyear,so they can see someprogression.
M:Teaching them tosaveis important.We openeda savings accountwhen they were young.Afterbirthdaysand Christmas,they would goto thebranch and deposittheir gift money.
W:Oh,Ihadnt considered doing that.
Inour house,we have transparent money boxesfor themto putsmall change in,so they can see their savingsgrow.
M:When thetime is nght,Ilstarttalking toourchildren aboutinvesting andshow them how themoneysaved for theirfurther education has grown.
W:I am ahways talkingto my elder daughterabout theimportanceofsavinginto a pension.
Shes just starteda part time job andwasthinking of not contributing to herpension.Luckily,I managedtopersuadeherotherwise.
M:Yes,its suchan important lesson to learn
Questions 8 to 11 are basedon the conversation you have just heard.
Question 8.What should we dowith the topic ofmoney,according tothe woman?Question 9.How doesthe womansay money canbe made realfor children?Question 10.What is the commonpracticebetween theman andthe woman?Question 11.What is the womanalways talking about to herelderdaughter?
Conversation 2 Endeavor
W:Welcometo Books inReview.Our guest today is John Banks,the author ofthebestsellingnewbook,Rewarding Success.
M:Glad to behere,Jane.
W:Your bookhas sold2 million copies,butbefore we discusswhy its getting somuch attention,lets talkaboutyour background.Youre aneconomist and spent twodecades teaching atuniversities?
M:Ispent 25 years as a professor,actually.And then,forthelast 10 years,Iveworked asa politicalconsultant,advising politicians at the national level about problemsin our country.
W:You discussthree ofthose problems in thebook,improvingpubliceducation,reducing our nations healthcareburden,and increasingpersonal savings.But your ideas about education are the most controversial.
M:Absolutely.A lot ofpeoplethink Im tryingto punish students who arent doing well,when actually mygoaistogive allstudents more incentive to succeed.
W:Imnot sure Iagree withyou.Yourproposal topay cashrewards to students who getgoodgradesis a
particularproblem.Whatabout students who dontget good grades?It seems like youre blaming themfor notsucceeding,whenpoor performancein schoolisnt a childsfault.
M:ButMyproposal is not just to reward studentswith goodgrades,but alsostudentswho showimprovement.
W:Okay,anotherciticism of the plan is the cash rewards themselves.Where willthe moneycome from?
M:If students dobetter well spendless on schooling.So,inthe end,therewardswill pay forthemselves.
W:What aboutnow?How will wefund therewards in themeantime?
M:Well,by increasingtaxesor moving money from otherareas ofthe budget intoeducation.
Q12:Whatdo we learn about the man?
Q13:What does the woman say is the most controversial?
Q14:What does theman say ishis realgoal?
Q15:Whatwill beone option for funding the proposed rewardsaccordingtothe man?
NEWS 1
A JetBlue Airlinesflight from West Palm BeachtoNew York City was forced to turn around andland Sunday morning after the plane struck abird.The flight from Palm Beach InternationalAirport to LaGuardia Airport turned around justminutes after takeoff following the strike.
No injuries were reported on the plane,and theflight took off once again,7.5 hours after thefirst attempt.""It was like a split second of panicthat resulted in this nervous reaction on theplane,said passenger Brian Healy,""there wastotal quiet.And then there was relief when theplane came to a stop.""An email from JetBlueread,""our team is working to accommodatecustomers on later flights.""
Q1:What do we learn about theJetBlue Airlines
flightfrom the news report?
Q2:How did the passengers feel when the plane
came to a stop,according to Brian Healy?
NEWS 2
A deadly snake,which had finally been tracked downafter escaping a zoo has slipped away for the secondtime.The poisonous snake forced the closure of theattraction last week when staff noticed thedisappearance. fter six /days of desperatesearching,he was eventually found and placed in asupposedly secure area.
But,it seems the animal is no fan ofthe zoo,becauseyet again,he is out on the loose.The snake is arelative newcomer to the zo0,but has already beenfrustrating its staff.The staff believe he squeezedhimself out of a gap located around new energysaving bulbs installed inside the snake house.Hewas only found the first time around because staffbrought in a special machine to trace him inside awall opening.
This kind of snake is one of the most deadly andpoisonous in the wild,and they can range from 3 to 5meters in length.
Q3:What do we learn about the deadly snake fromthe news report?
Q4:How have the zoo staff been feeling about thesnake?
NEWS 3
Electric bikes have been the craze in downtownJacksonville since they were first introduced earlier thismonth as a one-year pilot program,but theyre leadingto safety concerns,mainly at night when some ridersdont follow the rules of the road.As the night goes on,groups of riders are often seen traveling in just aboutevery direction in thestreets and on pedestrian paths.
That is increasing the probability of dangerousaccidents.Electric bike riders have to follow all thesame rules as you would if you were in an automobile.
That means no running red lights or traveling in theopposite direction of traffic on one way streets.
City Council Member Anna Kumber was instrumental inintroducing the electric bikes to Jacksonville as a wayto bringnew life into downtown.And shes aware oftheconcerns.Cumber said,people can have fun,but bothdrivers and riders are responsible for paying attentionwhile on the road.And never assume the driver is goingto stop or see you.
Q5:What do we learn from the news report about theintroduction of electricbikes into Jacksonville?
Q6:What are electric bike riderssupposed todo?
Q7:Why did City Council member Anna Cumberadvocate th introduction of electric bikes intoJacksonville?
Passage 1
I met three different people today,and each time,when l asked,how are you,thereply was exactly thesame.Im busy.Honestly,Ihearthe same answer from the vast majority of people I meet.So I started tothink,guess what?Everybodys busy.Im busy.Yourebusy.Everybodys busy.So you being busy doesntmakeme sympathetic atall,because busy is the state of the world.
So Imlaunching acampaign to stop people complaining aboutbeing busy.It may sound harsh,but thetruth is,nobody cares.Ina busy world,being busy doesnt stand out,nor does it meanproductive,creative,accomplished,or professional.SteveMaraboli once said,When someone tells you they are too busy,its not a reflectionoftheir schedule,its a reflection of yourspoton their schedule.
Donna Lynn Hope has also remarked,Busy doesnt mean better.I have neverenvied a busyperson.The one who likesto point outtheir busylivesto others.The reality is,nobodys too busy.Itsjust aboutpriorities.So the next time someoneasksyou how you are,maybe respond differently.In my experience,the Im busyresponse is really coveringup the fact that theyre not actuallyaccomplishing their real purpose,and being busy is the lie theytell themselves about why they cant achieve it.
Q16:Whyis the speaker launchinga campaign?
Q17:What does thespeaker advise us to donext time someoneasksus howwe are?
Q18:Why do many people make theIm busy response,according to the speaker?
Passage2
After all,if you can jump out of a plane or off a bridge,thenyou can face anything else easily.When doing extremesports,you have to become more focused.Youll be pushedto your limits,and ifyou arent focused,youll makedangerous mistakes.Learning to be thisfocused when
enjoying extreme sportswill help you to be focused at work,keeping you more productive and ultimately moresuccessful.
Its greatto stay fit and healthy,but standard exercise
routines and sports only work the same muscles repeatedly.With extreme sports,youll be working entirely differentmuscles.And that means you get an all over workout.Extreme sports also burn a lot more calories than other
sports.Skateboarding,for example,can burn as many as 500calories per hour.Basketball burns around 300 in the sametime.
When you find that you can overcome the physical or mentalchallenges involved in extremesports,youll feel
superhuman and your selfconfidence will beat an all timehigh.
Q19:What may sound strange to say aboutextreme sports?
Q20:Why should one be highly focused when doingextremesports?
Q21:How can extreme sports benefitus more than standardexercise routines and sports?
Passage 3
Most ofus have been in teams or organizations where weve hadconflict with the people that were working with around the ideasor decisions that werediscussing.Conflict is natural.We all bringdifferent life and work experiences to the table.We all havedifferent personality preferences and tendencies.
Were notall going to have the same ideas on how to approachpolicies,programs,or problems.Buttoo often,we get caught inthis placewhere conflict isperceived to be negative.Something wewant to avoid,sothat we can maintain the harmony of ourworkplace.This could be because somepeoplewant to avoidconflict at all costs.
Afterall,they still have to work together.But this kind ofartificialharmony isnt the answer.Productiveconflict is a vital part ofteams and organizations that wantto push forward and do more.Without conflict,were often stuck in this artificial harmonywherepeople dont expresspotentiallyinnovative ideasforfear that theymay startconflict with others.
But ifyoure in aplace where you have a basis of trust,conflict canbe extremely productive.Itcan lead to increased innovation andgreatertrust on teams.It may be an uncomfortable process,butgood leaders and healthy teams recognize that productive andhealthy conflict is an important part of howtheyfunction.
Q22:What doesthe passage say about conflict in organizations?
Q23:Why do some people want to avoid conflict at all costs?
Q24:Why is productiveconflict importantforteams andorganizations?
Q25:What does productive conflict need as a basis?
英語四級真題試卷2
四級作文1
假設你的大學正在就大學圖書館是否應該向公眾開放征求學生的意見
In the modern era,there is aheated debate regarding whether theuniversitys library should be open to the public.Some believe thatit will do us more good than harm,while others argue that it wilpose a threat to the order and operation of the university.In myview,the university authorities shouldbe cautious about offeringthe outsiders an access to such an important venue,
Above all,the library,serving as a critical academic facility as well asan indispensable researchsite for both students and teachers,issupposed to keep those limited valuable resourcesto its authorizedusers.If the university choosesto open the library to the public,it ishighly possible that a mass of people will rush into this place,leavingmany college students and teachersunable to complete their aca-demic work.Furthermore,when too many citizens crowd into thelibrary,there will be unnecessary talking,laughing,quarreling oreven chasing,incurring disorder of one kind oranother.
In conclusion,the merits of such a practice outweigh the demerits.Therefore,opening the universitys library tothe public must neverbe put on the universitys agenda.
四級作文2
假設你的大學正在就大學食堂是否應該向公眾開放征求學生的意見
In the modern era,there is a heated debate regarding whether theuniversitys canteens should be open to the public.Some believethatit will do us more good than harm,while others argue that it willpose a threat to theorder and operationof the university.In myview,the university should recognize that this has both pros andcons.
Lets start with the advantages.First,it allowsthe public to enjoy thediverse and delicious food offered by university canteens.This canenhance the reputation of the university and foster a stronger rela-tionship between the university and thelocal community.Second,itcan also generate additional revenue for the university,which canbe used to improve the facilities and services provided tostudents.However,there are also potential drawbacks to consider.For in-stance,the increased number of people using the canteen may leadto overcrowding and longer waiting times for students during peakhours.Additionally,the public may have different preferences anddietary requirements compared to students,which could affect themenu options available and potentially increase costs.
In conclusion,the university should weigh the merits and demeritsso that itcan provide the best possible experiencefor both studentsand membersof the public.
四級作文3
假設你的大學正在就大學體育設施是否應該向公眾開放征求學生的意見
After the epidemic,there is a heated debate regarding whether uni-versity sports facilities should be open to the public.Some believethat itwill bringthe society much benefits,while others argue that itwill pose a threat to the security of college students.In my view,weneed to recognize that opening sports facilities to the public hasmore pros than cons.
First,it has dramatically improved the health level of the whole soci-ety.People can exercise on the playground to invigorate health ef-fectively,reduce the risk of heart disease,and lower the odds ofobesity,which not only prolong peoples life but also curtail thewholeexpenditure of healthcare.Second,making university sportsfacilities available to the public contributes to the cost-cutting of thegovernment.If thecampus sports facilities are not open to thepublic,government willalso build them elsewhere,which is boundto increase its budget pressure.In the mean time,the utilization ofsports facilities in schools will also be reduced if the public cannotaccess to them,resulting wasting of resources.
In conclusion,although too many “non-students”might cause se-curity problem toward the university,this can be overcome by strict-er regulation,while allowing people to use sports facilities in thecampus will undoubtedly bring agreat deal of benefits to the wholesociety.
英語四級真題試卷3
Questions 61-65 are based on the following passage.
Language is,and should be,a livingthing,constantly enriched with new words and forms of expression.Butthere isa vital distinction between good developments,which add to the language,enabling us to say things wecould not say before,and bad developments,whichsubtract from the language by rendering it less precise.Avivacious,colorfuluse of words is not to be confused with mere slovenliness.The kind ofslovenliness in whichsome professionals deliberately indulge is perhaps akin tothe cult(迷信.of theunfinished work,which haseroded most of the arts in our time.And the trueanswer to it is the same that art is enhanced,not hindered,bydiscipline.Youcannot carve satisfactorily in butter.
The corruption of written English hasbeen accompanied by an even sharper decline in the standard of spoken English.We speak very much less well than wascommon among educated Englishmen a generation or two ago.
The modem theatre has played a baneful(有害的)part in dimming our appreciation oflanguage.Instead ofthe immensely articulate dialogue of,for example,Shaw(who was also very insistent on good pronunciation.,audiences are now subjectedto streams of barely literate trivia,often designed,only too well,toexhibitlaek ofcommunication,and larded(夾雜.with theobscenities(下流的話.and grammatical errors of theintellectually impoverished.Emily Post once advised her readers: "Thetheatre is the best possible place to hear correctly-enunciated speech."Alas,no more.One young actress was recently reported to be taking lessons inhow to speakbadly,so that she should fit in better.
But the BBC is the worst traitor.Aideryears of very successfully helping to raise the general standard ofspokenEnglish,it suddenly went into reverse.As the head of the Pronunciation Unitcoyly(含蓄地.put it,"In the1960s the BBC opened thefield to a much wider range of speakers." To hear a BBC disc jockeytalking to thelatest ape-like pop idol is a truly shocking experience of verbalsqualor.And the prospect seems to be of evenworse to come.School teachers areactively encouraged to ignore little Johnnys incoherent grammar,atrociousspelling and haphazard punctuation,because worrying about such thingsmight inhibit his creative genius.
61、The writer relateslinguistic slovenliness to tendencies in the arts today in that they both_________
A.occasionally aim at acertain fluidity
B.appear to shunperfection
C.from time to time showregard for the finishing touch
D.make use of economical shortcuts
62、"Art is enhanced,nothindered,by discipline"(Lines 6-7,Paragraph 1 )means_________
A.an artists work will befiner if he observes certain aesthetic standards
B.an unfinished work is boundto be comparatively inferior
C.the skill of certain artistsconceals their slovenliness
D.artistic expression isinhibited by too many rules
63、Many modem plays,theauthor finds,frequently contain speech which_________
A.is incoherent andlinguistically objectionable
B.is far too ungrammatical formost people to follow
C.unintentionally shocks theaudience
D.tries to hide the authorsintellectual inadequacies
64、The author says that thestandard of the spoken English of BBC_________
A.is the worst among allbroadcasting networks
B.has taken a turn for theworse since the 1960s
C.has raised English-speakingup to a new level
D.is terrible because of a fewpopular disc jockeys
65、Teachers are likely tooverlook the linguistic lapses in their pupils since_________
A.they find that children nolonger respond to this kind of discipline nowadays
B.they fear the children maybecome less coherent
C.more importance is nowattached to oral expression
D.the children may bediscouraged from expressing their ideas
答案解析：
61-65 BAACD
英語四級真題試卷4
Questions 61-65 are based on the following passage.
In thisage of Internet chat,videogames and reality television,there is no shortageof mindless activities to keepa child occupied.Yet,despite the competition,my 8-year-old daughter Rebecca wants to spend her leisure timewriting shortstories.She wants to enter one of her stories into a writing contest,a competitionshe won last year.
As awriter I know about winning contest,and about losing them.I know what it islike to work hard on astory only to receive a rejection slip from thepublisher.I also know the pressures of trying to live up to a reputationcreatedby previous victories.What if she doesnt win the contest again? Thats thestrange thing about being aparent.So many of our own past scars and dashedhopes can surface.
Arevelation(啟示)came last week when I asked her,"Dont you want to win again?" "No," she replied,"I just want to tell the story of an angel going to first grade."
I hadjust spent weeks correcting her stores as she spontaneously(自由地)told them.Telling myself that Iwas merely an experienced writerguiding the young writer across the hall,I offered suggestions forcharacters,conflicts and endings for her tales.The story about a fearful angelstarting first grade was quickly "guided" by meinto the tale of alittle girl with a wild imagination taking her first music lesson.I had turnedher contest into mycontest without even realizing it.
Stayingback and giving kids space to grow is not as easy as it looks.Because I knowvery little about farmanimals who use tools or angels who go to first grade,Ihad to accept the fact that I was coopting(借用)mydaughtersexperience.
Whilestepping back was difficult for me,it was certainly a good first step that Iwill quickly follow with moresteps,putting myself far enough away to give herroom but close enough to help if asked.All the while I will bereminding myselfthat children need room to experiment,grow and find their own voices.
61、What do we learn from the first paragraph?
A.Children do find lots of fun in many mindlessactivities.
B.Rebecca is much too occupied to enjoy herleisure time.
C.Rebecca draws on a lot of online materials forher writing.
D.A lot of distractions compete for Childrenstime nowadays.
62、What did the author say about her own writingexperience?
A.She did not quite live up to her reputation as awriter.
B.Her way to success was full of pains andfrustrations.
C.She was constantly under pressure of writingmore.
D.Most of her stories had been rejected bypublishers.
63、Why did Rebecca want to enter this yearswriting contest?
A.She believed she possessed real talent forwriting.
B.She was sure of winning with her mothers help.
C.She wanted to share her stories with readers.
D.She had won a prize in the previous contest.
64、The author took great pains to refine herdaughters stories because____
A.she believed she had the knowledge andexperience to offer guidance
B.she did not want to disappoint Rebecca whoneeded her help so much
C.she wanted to help Rebecca realize her dream ofbecoming a writer
D.she was afraid Rebeccas imagination might runwild while writing
65、Whats the authors advice for parents?
A.A writing career,though attractive,is not forevery child to pursue.
B.Children should be allowed freedom to growthrough experience.
C.Parents should keep an eye on the activitiestheir kids engage in.
D.Children should be given every chance to voicetheir opinions.
答案解析：
61-65 DBCAB
英語四級真題試卷5
Real policemen hardly recognize any resemblance between their lives and what they see on TV —if they everget home in time.There are similarities,of course,but the cops dont think much of them.
The first difference is that a policemans real life revolves round the law.Most of his training is in criminal law.He has to know exactly what actions are crimes and what evidence can be used to prove them in court.He has to know as a professional lawyer,and what is more,he has to apply it on his feet,in the dark and rain,running down an alley after someone he wants to talk to.
Little of his time is spent in chatting to scantily-clad(穿衣不多的)ladies or in dramatic confrontationswith desperate criminals.He will spend most of his working life typing millions of words on thousands of forms about hundreds of sad,unimportant people who are guilty —or not —of stupid,petty crimes.
Most television crime drama is about finding the criminal: as soon as hes arrested,the story is over.i real life,finding criminals is seldom much of a problem.Except in very serious cases like murders and terrorist attacks — where failure to produce results reflects on the standing of the police —little effortis spent on searching.
Having made an arrest,a detective really starts to work.He has to prove his case in court and to do thathe often has to gather a lot of different evidence.So,as well as being overworked,a detective has to beout at all hours of the day and night interviewing his witnesses and persuade them usually against their own best interests,to help him.
練習題：
Choose correct answers to the question:
1.The first sentence implies that________.
A.the life of the real policemen and that of the policemen on TV are entirely different
B.the real policemen will find the similarities if they can get home in time
C.the real policemen seldom can get home in time to watch TV
D.the policemen shown on TV can always get home in time
2.It is essential for a policeman to be trained in criminal law_____.
A.so that he can catch criminals in the streets
B.because many of the criminals he has to catch are dangerous
C.so that he can justify his arrests in court
D.because he has to know nearly as much about law as a professional lawyer
3.The everyday life of a policeman or detective is______.
A.exciting and glamorous
B.full of danger
C.devoted mostly to routine matters
D.wasted on unimportant matters
4.When murders and terrorist attacks occur,the police______.
A.prefer to wait for the criminal to give himself away
B.make great efforts to try to track down their man
C.try to make a quick arrest in order to keep up their reputation
D.usually fail to produce results
5.What’s the best title for the passage?
A.Policemen and Detective
B.Policemen’s Life-Fun and Fantasy
C.The Real Life of a Policeman
D.Drama and Reality
參考答案
1.[C] 推理判斷題。本題考查對第1句的理解。if引出的條件狀語從句前的破折號表明這個假設是相對于之前的看電視來說的，而不是相對于整句話的。該句特意用if作補充說明，暗示了一些附加的信息：真實生活中的警察通常很晚回家，連看電視都趕不上。由此可見,C是正確的理解。A說法過于絕對，與原文的hardly不符。
2.[C] 推理判斷題。本題考查內在的因果關系。從第2段第3句可以推斷出答案,A毫無原文依據，原文中也并沒有暗示B和D這兩種因果關系。
3.[C] 推理判斷題。本題考查對長句的理解。根據第3段第2句可以推斷出答案。本題最具干擾性的是B，按照常識,警察的工作通常都被認為很危險，但是第3段第1句由Little引出的倒裝句表明了他們很少與亡命之徒交鋒，并非充滿危險，因此B不對;而D將在文中用來修飾people的unimportant拿來修飾“事情”,顯然偷換概念，曲解原文。
4.[B] 推理判斷題。本題考查對復合句的理解。答題關鍵在于正確理解第4段最后一句，except引出的句子暗示警方只有在遇到特別嚴重的犯罪時追捕罪犯才會花費很大的氣力，B符合文意。本題最具干擾性的是C,由本句第2個破折號后的內容可知此處主要強調“費不費勁”的問題，而C中的make a quick airest并未突顯出原文的關鍵含義，不如B準確。
5.[C] 主旨大意題。本文的重點是說瞀察們的現(xiàn)實生活，全文將這種現(xiàn)實生活與電視里面展現(xiàn)的作比較,是為澄清事實，故C可概括全文主題。
英語四級真題試卷6
Questions 21 to 25 are based on the following passage:
It is simple enough to say that since books have classes fiction,biography,poetry—we should separate them and take from each what it is right that each should give us.Yet few people ask from books what books can give us.Most commonly we come to books with blurred and divided minds,asking of fiction that it shall be true,of poetry that it shall be false,of biography that it shall be flattering,of history that it shall enforce our own prejudices.If we could banish all such preconception when we read,that would be an admirable beginning.Do not dictate to your author; try to become him.Be his fellow worker and accomplice(同謀).If you hang back,and reserve and criticize at first,you are preventing yourself from getting the fullest possible value from what you read.But if you open your mind as widely as possible,then signs and hints of almost imperceptible finess,from the twist and turn of the first sentences,will bring you into the presence of a human being unlike any other.Steep yourself in this,acquaint yourself with this,and soon you will find that your author is giving you,or attempting to give you,something far more definite.The thirty two chapters of anovel—if we consider how to read a novel first—are an attempt to make something as formed and controlled as a building but words are more impalpable than bricks,reading is a longer and more complicated process than seeing.Perhaps the quickest way to understand the elements of what a novelist is doing is not to read,but to write; to make your own experiment with the dangers and difficulties of words.Recall,then,some event that has left a distinct impression on you—how at the corner of the street,perhaps,you passed two people talking.A tree shook; an electric light danced; the tone of the talk was comic,but also tragic; a whole vision,an entire conception,seemed contained in that moment.
21.What does the author mean by saying “Yet few people ask from books what books can give us.”?
A.The author means that lots of people read few books.
B.The author thinks that readers have only absorbed part of knowledge in books.
C.The author holds that few people have a proper idea about what content some kind of books should include.
D.The author considers that readers can scarcely understand most of the books.
22.According to the passage,which of the following statement is right?
A.A reader should find some mistakes when he is reading.
B.The more difficult a book is,the more you can get from it.
C.To read something is easier than to watch something.
D.One should be in the same track with the writer when he is reading.
23.What is the possible meaning of “impalpable”(Paragraph 2)in the passage?
A.Clear.B.Elusive.C.Delicate.D.Precise.
24.What’s the main idea of this passage?
A.The importance of reading.B.The proper way to read.
C.How to get most from one book.D.The characters of a good book.
25.When a writer is writing he often get the whole conception____.
A.after a long time’s thinking
B.through an instant inspiration
C.according to his own experience
D.by way of watching the objects attentively
參考答案：
21.答案C。解答此題，正確理解“Yes…us”一句含義是關鍵。其實質含義是：“許多人讀書時因觀念不正確，而僅僅能從書本中得到很少的知識獲得很少的啟迪”。這樣，我們就可以對選項進行逐個分析取舍了。A項意為“作者認為許多人讀的書都太少”，顯然與我們的分析不符。B項意為“作者認為讀者僅僅從書中汲取了部分知識�！边@句話只是引文部分的字面含義，所以也應排除。再看C項作者認為許多人對某類書應該包含什么樣的內容沒有正確的觀念。這才是作者的隱含意思，所以是正確的。而D項“作者認為許多讀者對大量的書都不能讀懂�！边@也是一種錯誤的理解，也應排除。這樣就可確定選項為C。
22.答案D。此題只能用排除法，去掉與文章細節(jié)不符的選項。選項A意為“讀者在閱讀時應該能發(fā)現(xiàn)一些錯誤�！蔽恼轮袥]有此細節(jié)，可排除。B項“一本書越難讀，從中得到知識也越多�！币才c文意無關。再看C項“閱讀比觀看容易�！备鶕恼碌诙蔚谒木渥詈笠环志淇芍@正與作者的觀點相反，故也排除。最后只剩下D項，應為正確答案。而其內容“讀者在閱讀時應和作者保持一致�！闭亲髡叩挠^點，無疑正確。
23.答案B。先看上文：作家想把素材安排得像一座完整的大房，使之具體化。接下來就是含有“impalpable”一句。句首用“but”引導，有轉折含義。所以此單詞意義可能與“具體”相對。再看下文，閱讀比觀看更復雜和費時。這樣，該詞的含義就可以基本確定了，應該是“非常抽象難以捉摸的”之類的意思。(這里與”磚頭”相比，更加強了這一點)據此可排除A、D項。C項意為“微妙”，意近。但B項恰好意為“難以捉摸的”，更與生詞含義接近，所以應選B。此題目C項干擾性較大，注意要避免匆忙選擇，而功虧一簣。
24.答案B。解答此題關鍵在于先弄清文章的主旨和大意。在此基礎上就可進行選棄了。此短文主要講“何為正確的讀書方法”。據此，A項“閱讀的重要性”，C項“如何從書中獲取最多的信息”，D項“一本好書的特征”，均不能選。而B項“何為正確的讀書方法”，正與我們的分析不謀而合，所以B為正確答案無疑。
25.答案B。答案可從文章最后一句獲得。解答此類題的關鍵就是找到并正確理解有關細節(jié)。根據最后一句可知“作家構思的獲得是通過瞬間的感悟�！笨纱_定：B項為正確答案。
英語四級真題試卷7
It came as something of a surprise when Diana,Princess of Wales,made a trip to Angola in 1997,to support the Red Cross campaign for a total ban on all anti-personnel landmines.Within hours of arriving in Angola,television screens around the world were filled with images of her comforting victims injured in explosions caused by landmines."I knew the statistics," she said."But putting a face to those figures broughtthe reality home to me; like when I met Sandra,a 13-year-old girl who had lost her leg,and people like her."
The Princess concluded with a simple message: "We must stop landmines".And she used every opportunity during her visit to repeat this message.
But,back in London,her views were not shared by some members of the British government,which refused tosupport a ban on these weapons.Angry politicians launched an attack On the Princess in the press.They described her as "very ill-informed" and a "loose cannon(亂放炮的人)
The Princess responded by brushing aside the Criticisms: "This is a distraction(干擾)we do not need.AllI’m trying to do is help."
Opposition parties,the media and the public immediately voiced their Support for the Princess.To make matters worse for the government,it soon emerged that the Princess trip had been approved by the Foreign Office,and that she was in fact very well-informed about both the situation in Angola and the British governments policy regarding landmines.The result was a severe embarrassment for the government.
To try and limit the damage,the Foreign Secretary,Malcolm Rifkidnd,claimed that the Princess views on landmines were not very different from government policy,and that it was "working towards" a worldwide ban.The Defence Secretary,Michael Portillo,claimed the matter was "a misinterpretation or misunderstanding." -
For the Princess,the trip to this war-torn country was an excellent opportunity to use her popularity to show the world how much destruction and suffering landmines can cause.She said that the experience had also given her the chance to get closer to people and their problems.
練習題：
Choose correct answers to the question:
1.Princess Diana paid a visit to Angola in 1997_____
A.to clarify the British governments stand on landmines
B.to establish her image as a friend of landmine victims
C.to investigate the sufferings of landmine victims there
D.to voice her support for a total ban of landmines
2.What did Diana mean when she said "...putting a face to those figures brought the realityhome to me"(Line 5,Para.1)?
A.Meeting the landmine victims in person made her believe the statistics.
B.She just couldn’t bear to meet the landmine victims face to face.
C.The actual situation in Angola made her feel like going back home.
D.Seeing the pain of the victims made realize the seriousness of the situation.
3.Some members of the British government criticized Diana because_____
A.she had not consulted the government before the visit
B.she was ill-informed of the governments policy
C.they were actually opposed to banning landmines
D.they believed that she had misinterpreted the situation in Angola
4.How did Diana respond to the criticisms?
A.She made more :appearances on TV.
B.She paid no attention to them.
C.She rose to argue with her opponents.
D.She met the 13-year-old girl as planned.
5.What did Princess Diana think of her visit to Angola?
A.It had caused embarrassment to the British government.
B.It had greatly promoted her popularity.
C.It had brought her closer to the ordinary people.
D.It had affected her relations with the British government.
參考答案
1.[A]根據題干中的時間、人名可以馬上找到信息源為文章第1句，其中的不定式正好與選項的形式一致,表示目的，只要將選項內容與原文第1句中的不定式結構內容相對照即可得出答案為A。
2.[D]此題考查語義及邏輯推理能力，關鍵在于理解brought the reality home to sb.(使某人了解到現(xiàn)實)及I knew the statistics,but...的隱含義“我知道統(tǒng)計數(shù)字，但是(沒想到會這么嚴重)”。再結合上文可知D的表述正確。C錯在黛安娜不是親身看到那些受害者之后才相信該統(tǒng)計數(shù)字的。
3.[B]第3段第1句指出，回到倫敦，她的觀點并沒有得到英國政府的一些官員的認可。黛安娜是支持banning landmines(禁止地雷)的，故英國政府的一些官員是反對禁止地雷，因此答案選B。而從第5段第2句“……黛安娜王妃出訪已獲英國外交部批準，而且事實上她對安哥拉的形勢和英國政府有關地雷的政策都很了解�！笨芍狝、C、D的說法均不正確。
4.[A]此題關鍵在于理解第4段第1句中brush aside“無視,不顧，漠視”這個短語，A的paid no attention與brush aside同義,故選A。
5.[B]根據文章最后一句，黛安娜總結其出訪安哥拉的意義，B中的brought her closer to the ordinary people是原文get closer to people and their problems的同義改寫。
英語四級真題試卷8
Most episodes of absent-mindedness forgetting where you left something or wondering why you just entered aroom-are caused by a simple lack of attention,says Schacter.“You’re supposed to remember something,butyou haven’t encoded it deeply.”
Encoding,Schacter explains,is a special way of paying attention to an event that has a major impact on recalling it later.Failure to encode properly can create annoying situations.If you put your mobile phonein a pocket,for example,and don’t pay attention to what you did because you’re involved in a conversation,you’ll probably forget that the phone is in the jacket now hanging in you wardrobe(衣柜).“Your memory itself isn’t failing you,” says Schacter.“Rather,you didn’t give your memory system the information it needed.”
Lack of interest can also lead to absent-mindedness.“A man who can recite sports statistics from 30 years ago,” says Zelinski,“may not remember to drop a letter in the mailbox.” Women have slightly better memories than men,possibly because they pay more attention to their environment,and memory relies on justthat.
Visual cues can help prevent absent-mindedness,says Schacter.“But be sure the cue is clear and available,” he cautions.If you want to remember to take a medication(藥物)with lunch,put the pill bottle on the kitchen table—don’t leave it in the medicine chest and write yourself a note that you keep in a pocket.
Another common episode of absent-mindedness: walking into a room and wondering why you’re there.Most likely,you were thinking about something else.“Everyone does this from time to time,” says Zelinski.The best thing to do is to return to where you were before entering the room,and you’ll likely remember.
練習題：
Choose correct answers to the question:
1.Why does the author think that encoding properly is very important?
A.It helps us understand our memory system better.
B.It enables us to recall something form our memory.
C.It expands our memory capacity considerably.
D.It slows down the process of losing our memory.
2.One possible reason why women have better memories than men is that________.
A.they have a wider range of interests
B.they are more reliant on the environment
C.they have an unusual power of focusing their attention
D.they are more interested in what’s happening around them
3.A note in the pocket can hardly serve as a reminder because________.
A.it will easily get lost
B.it’s not clear enough for you to read
C.it’s out of your sight
D.it might get mixed up with other things
4.What do we learn from the last paragraph?
A.If we focus our attention on one thing,we might forget another.
B.Memory depends to a certain extent on the environment.
C.Repetition helps improve our memory.
D.If we keep forgetting things,we’d better return to where we were.
5.What is the passage mainly about?
A.The process of gradual memory loss.
B.The causes of absent-mindedness.
C.The impact of the environment on memory.
D.A way if encoding and recalling.
參考答案
1.[B]事實細節(jié)題。根據第2段第1句可知，encoding是關注某事的一種特殊方式，這影響到以后是否能回憶起這件事來，因此B正確。
2.[D]事實細節(jié)題。根據第3段第3句，“女性比男性的記憶力稍強，這也許是因為她們對周圍的環(huán)境更加注意，而記憶正是依靠這個”，故選D “她們對于周圍發(fā)生的事更感興趣”。
3.[C]事實細節(jié)題。根據第4段首句中說到的“視覺線索可以防止遺忘某事”可知破折號之后的警告“不要把藥瓶放在藥箱里，然后寫一張紙條裝進口袋”正是為了防止藥瓶、提示性信條離開了視線，故選C。
4.[A]推斷題。根據最后一段的前兩句“心不在焉的另一個常見的情景是:走進房間,卻不知為什么要進來。你很有可能是在想別的事”,可知本題答案為A。
5.[B]主旨題。根據第1、3、5段的首句可以得出，本文主要講的是精神不集中的原因，故選B。
英語四級真題試卷9
Section B
Directions: In this section,you are going to read a passage with ten statements attached to it.Each statement contains information given in one of the paragraphs.Identify the paragraph from which the information is derived.
You may choose a paragraph more than once.Each paragraph is marked with a letter.Answer the questions by marking the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet2.
Addicted,Really?
A.Mental-health specialists disagree over whether to classify compulsive online behaviour as addiction---and how to treat it.Craig Smallwood,a disabled American war veteran,spent more than 20,000 hours over five years playing an online role-playing game called "Lineage II".When NCsoft,the South Korean firm behind the game,accused him of breaking the games rules and banned him,he was plunged into depression,severe paranoia(偏執(zhí))and hallucinations(幻想).He spent three weeks in hospital.After that,he sued NCsoft for fraud and negligence(過失 ),demanding over $ 9m in damages and claiming that the company acted negligently by failing to warn him of the danger that he would become "addicted" to the game.
B.But does it make sense to talk of addiction to online activity? Mental-health specialists say three online behaviors can become problematic for many people: video games,pornography(色情作品 )and messaging via e-mail and social networks.But there is far less agreement about whether any of this should be called "Internet addiction"--or how to treat it.
C.Some mental-health specialists wanted "Internet addiction" to be included in the fifth version of psychiatrys bible,the"Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders",known as DSM-V,which is currently being overhauled(全面修訂).The American Medical Association endorsed(贊成)the idea in 2007,only to backtrack(放棄)days later.The American Journal of Psychiatry called Internet addiction a &;quot;common disorder" and supported its recognition.Last year the DSM-V drafting group made its decision: lnteruet addiction would not be included as a "behavioral addiction"--only gambling made the cut--but it said further study was necessary.
D.Skeptics say there is nothing uniquely addictive about the Internet.Back in 2000,Joseph Walther,a communications professor at Michigan State University,co-wrote an article in which he suggested,tongue in cheek,that the criteria used to call someone an Internet addict might also show that most professors were "addicted" to academia(學術活動).He argued that other factors,such as depression,are the real problem.
He stands by that view today."No scientific evidence has emerged to suggest that lnternet use is a cause rather than a consequence of some other sort of issue," he says."Focusing on and treating people for Internet addiction,rather than looking for underlying clinical issues,is definitely unwise."
E.Others disagree."That would be wrong," says Kimberly Young,a researcher and therapist who has worked on Interact addiction since 1994.She insists that the Internet,with its powerfully immersive environments,creates new problems that people must learn to navigate(應對).Otherwise,the changing lifestyle will affect the development of the society.
F.No one disputes that online habits can turn toxic.Take South Korea,where widespread broadband means that the average high-school student plays video games for 23 hours each week.In 2007 the government estimated that around 210,000 children needed treatment for Internet addiction.In 2010 newspapers around the globe carried the story of a South Korean couple who fed their infant daughter so little that she starved to death.Instead of caring for the child,the couple spent most nights at an Internet cafe,sinking hours into a role- playing game in which they raised,fed and cared for a virtual daughter.And several South Korean men have died from exhaustion after marathon,multi-day gaming sessions.
G.The South Korean government has since asked game developers to adopt a gaming curfew(宵禁)for children,to prevent them playing between midnight and 8 a.m.At the same time,it has also opened more than 100 clinics for Internet addiction and sponsored an "Internet rescue camp" for serious cases.
H.But compulsive behaviour is not limited to garners.E-mail or web-use behaviours can also show signs of addiction.Getting through a business lunch in which no one pulls out a phone to check their messages now counts as a minor miracle in many quarters.A deluge(泛濫)of self-help books,most recently "Alone Together" by Sherry Turlde,a social scientist at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology,offer advice on how to unplug(去除障礙).
I.Pornography is hardly new,either,but the Internet makes accessing it much easier than ever before.When something can be summoned in an instant via broadband,whether it is a game world,an e-mail inbox or pornographic material,it is harder to resist.New services lead to new complaints.When online auction sites first became popular,talk of "eBay addiction" soon followed.Dr.Young says women complain to her now about addiction to Facebook--or even to "FarmVille",a game playable only within Facebook.
J.Treatment centres have popped up around the world with the popularity of online games.In 2006 Amsterdams Smith &; Jones facility billed itself as "the first and,currently,the only residential video-game treatment program in the world".In America the reSTART Internet Addiction Recovery Program claims to treat Internet addiction,gaming addiction,and even "texting addiction".In China,meanwhile,military-style "boot camps" are the preferred way to treat Internet problems.
K.Yet many people like feeling permanently connected.As Arikia Millikan,an American blogger,once put it,"If I could be jacked in at every waking hour of the day,I would,and I think a lot of my peers would do the,same." Bob LaRose,an Internet specialist at Michigan State University,doesnt believe her.In his research on college students,he found that most sense when they are "going overboard and restore self-control".Less than1% have a pathological(病態(tài)的)problem,he adds.For most people,Internet use "is just a habit--and one that brings us pleasure."
46.According to Joseph Walther,it is unwise to emphasize the treatment of Internet addiction instead of seeking for potential clinical issues.
47.As online games become popular,treatment centres have sprung up all over the world.
48.After playing online games continuously for days,several South Korean men were exhausted to death.
49.Smallwood sued NCsoft and claimed a huge compensation for fraud and its negligence of warning him of the danger of game addiction.
50.In South Korea,a gaming curfew for children was adopted to prevent children playing after midnight.
5l.Internet addiction still needs to be further studied though the DSM-V did not categorize it as a "behavioral addiction".
52.An lnternet specialist found that most college students could realize when they are going too far and restore self-control.
53.According to mental-health specialists,for many people,video games,pornography and messaging via e-mail and social networks can become problematic online behaviors.
54.People regard it as a small miracle if nobody takes out a phone to read the messages at a business lunch.
55.Kimberly Young insists that people must learn to deal with new problems brought about by the Interact.
【參考譯文】
真的是“上癮”嗎
A.強迫性的上網行為是否屬于成癮行為，又該如何治療，心理健康專家對此意見不一。Craig Smallwood是美國的一位傷殘退伍軍人。五年間，他花了兩萬多小時玩一個名為“天堂Ⅱ”的在線角色扮演類游戲。當該游戲的開發(fā)商，韓國NCsoft公司指責Craig違反游戲規(guī)則，并將他的游戲賬號封停時，他突然陷入抑郁及嚴重的偏執(zhí)和幻想之中。[49]他到醫(yī)院接受了三周的治療。在這之后，smanwood以欺詐和過失為由控告Ncsoft公司，聲稱該公司沒有告誡他該游戲的“網癮”危害，要求獲得900多萬美元的賠償金。
B.但是上網是否屬于一種成癮的行為呢?[53]心理健康專家認為有三種網絡行為對很多人來說可能是問題性的(即容易停不下來)：玩電子游戲、瀏覽色情作品以及通過電子郵件和社交網絡收發(fā)信息。然而，關于這些網絡行為是否能被稱為“網癮”，又該如何治療，專家們遠未達成一致。
C.一些心理健康專家希望將“網癮”列入新近正在全面修訂的第五版精神病學的圣經——《精神疾病診斷與統(tǒng)計手冊》(即第五版DSM)中。2007年，美國醫(yī)學會曾一度贊成這一想法，但數(shù)天之后卻改變了態(tài)度�！睹绹癫W雜志》將網癮稱作一種“常見疾病”，并主張予以認定。[51]去年，第五版《精神疾病診斷與統(tǒng)計手冊》編撰小塑決定，網癮將不會被劃入“行為成癮”范疇——只有賭博行為被劃入此列—二但是有必要對網癮進一步展開研究。
D.持懷疑態(tài)度的人認為，互聯(lián)網并沒有讓人上癮的特性。早在2000年，美國密歇根州立大學傳播學教授Joseph Walther就曾在與他人合作的一篇文章中頗具諷刺性地寫道，用來評價某人是“網絡狂”的那個標準或許也顯示了大多數(shù)的教授都是“學術狂”。Walther教授認為，諸如抑郁等其他因素才是真正的問題所在。他至今仍堅持這種觀點。他說：“尚無科學依據證實網癮是由于使用互聯(lián)網，而不是由其他因素造成的。[46]如果只是關注和治療上網成癮，而不去尋找潛藏的臨床問題，這絕對是不明智的�！�
E.也有人反對這種說法。自1994年便開始研究網癮的研究員、心理治療師KimbertyYoung表示：“那種說法可能有誤�！盵55]Young強調，互聯(lián)網環(huán)境具有強大的吸引力，人們必須學會應對由其引發(fā)的新問題。否則，不斷變化的生活方式將會影響社會的發(fā)展。
F.沒有人質疑習慣性上網會對人有害(這個事實)。以韓國為例，寬帶的普及導致韓國的高中生平均每周玩23個小時的電子游戲。2007年，韓國政府估計有近21萬的兒童需要接受網癮治療。2010年全球的報紙都報道了一則新聞，即一對韓國夫妻因喂養(yǎng)不足導致女嬰被餓死。這對夫妻不照顧現(xiàn)實中的親生女兒，卻大多數(shù)夜晚都泡在網吧里，沉浸在一個在線喂養(yǎng)和照顧虛擬女兒的角色扮演游戲中。[48]另外，還有幾名韓國男性多日持續(xù)沉浸于網絡游戲，因疲勞過度而死亡。
G.[50]此后，韓國政府要求游戲開發(fā)商對兒童采取網游宵禁，禁止他們在午夜到早晨8點之間玩游戲。同時，政府還開設了100家網癮治療診所，并資助了針對嚴重病例開辦的“網癮拯救營”。
H.但強迫性上網行為并不僅僅局限于網游玩家。使用電子郵件和瀏覽網頁也可能表現(xiàn)出上癮的跡象。[54]如果在一次商業(yè)午餐中，沒有人拿出手機查看信息，那么在許多人看來這都算是個小小的奇跡�，F(xiàn)在有許多“自救”書籍，例如美國麻省理工學院的社會學家Sherry Turkle最近就出版了一本新書《一起孤獨》，書中為如何擺脫網癮提供了建議。
I.色情作品由來已久，但是網絡讓人們比以往更容易接觸到色情資源。無論是游戲還是電子郵件，或是色情資源，只要是能夠通過寬帶網絡立刻獲得的東西，人們就很難抵擋其誘惑。新型服務會滋生新的問題。自網上拍賣網站開始流行后，不久“eBay上癮”的說法就隨之而來。Young醫(yī)生表示，現(xiàn)在有很多女性向她訴苦，因為Facebook或只能在Facebook上玩的“開心農場”游戲讓她們非常上癮。
J.[47]墮著網絡游戲的流行，治療中心在全球如雨后春筍般出現(xiàn)。2006年，位于阿姆斯特丹的史密斯與瓊斯治療中心成立，并自稱為“目前世界上第一家、也是唯一一家寄宿式電子游戲癮治療中心”。美國reSTART網癮康復項目聲稱能治療網癮、游戲癮，甚至還有“短信癮”。在中國，軍事化管理的“訓練營”成為了治療網癮的主要方式。
K.然而許多人喜歡保持在線的感覺。美國的一位博主ArikiaMillikan曾經說過：“如果可以的話，我愿意在我醒著的每時每刻都在線，我相信我的很多同齡人也會這么做�！比欢�，美國密歇根州立大學的互聯(lián)網專家BobLaRose對此表示懷疑。[52]在他對大學生展開的一項研究中，LaRose發(fā)現(xiàn)他們中的大多數(shù)人一旦感覺自己玩得太過火，就會恢復自控。LaRose還表示，只有不到1%的人會出現(xiàn)病態(tài)問題。對于大部分人來說，使用網絡“只是一種習慣——并且是一種能夠帶來快樂的習慣”。
【答案解析】
46.D
解析：題干意為，根據JosephWalther所說，只關注對上網成癮的治療，而不尋找其潛在的臨床問題，這是不明智的。注意抓住題干中的關鍵信息Joseph Walther、unwise、instead of和potential clinicalissues，文中論及JosephWalther教授觀點的內容出現(xiàn)在D段，該段倒數(shù)第二句提到，Walther教授認為尚無科學依據證實網癮是由于使用互聯(lián)網，而不是由其他因素造成的。該段最后一句則提到，Walther教授認為，如果只是關注和治療上網成癮，而不去尋找潛藏的臨床問題，這絕對是不明智的。由此可知，題干是對原文的同義轉述，故答案為D。
47.J
解析：題干意為，隨著網絡游戲變得流行，治療中心在全球各地不斷涌現(xiàn)。注意抓住題干中的關鍵信息online games、popular和treatment centres。文中論及全球涌現(xiàn)治療中心的內容出現(xiàn)在J段，該段首句提到，隨著網絡游戲的流行，治療中心在全球如雨后春筍般出現(xiàn)。其中，題干中的spring up對應原文中的popup，由此可知，題干是對原文的同義轉述，故答案為J。
48.F
解析：題干意為，在數(shù)日不間斷地玩網絡游戲之后，幾名韓國男性因精疲力竭而死。注意抓住題干中的關鍵信息several South Korean men和exhausted。文中論及韓國人受到網癮危害的內容出現(xiàn)在F段，該段第一句提到人們一致認為上網成癮對人有害。該段最后一句則提到了幾名韓國男性多日持續(xù)沉浸于網絡游戲，因疲勞過度而死亡的例子。由此可知，題于是對原文的同義轉述，故答案為F。
49.A
解析：題干意為，Smallwood以欺詐和疏于告知其可能游戲成癮的罪名控告NCsoft公司，并索取巨額的賠償。注意抓住題干中的關鍵信息Smallwood、NCsoft和fraudanditsnegligence。文中論及Smallwood的內容出現(xiàn)在A段，該段提到，Craig SmMlwood因違反游戲規(guī)則，被游戲開發(fā)商韓國NCsoft公司封停了游戲賬號，為此他極度抑郁，并陷入嚴重的偏執(zhí)和幻想中。該段最后一句提到，Smallwoo以欺詐和過失為由控告NCsoft公司，聲稱該公司沒有告誡他該游戲的“網癮”危害，要求獲得900多萬美元的賠償金。由此可知，題干是對原文的同義轉述，故答案為A。
50.G
解析：題干意為，在韓國實行了網游宵禁，以阻止兒童在午夜之后繼續(xù)玩網絡游戲。注意抓住題干中的關鍵信息SouthKorea和gaming curfew。文中論及韓國實行網游宵禁的內容出現(xiàn)在G段，該段第一句提到，韓國政府要求游戲開發(fā)商對兒童采取網游宵禁，禁止他們在午夜到早晨8點之間玩游戲。由此可知，題干是對原文的同義轉述，故答案為G。
51.C
解析：題干意為，盡管第五版的《精神疾病診斷與統(tǒng)計手冊》沒有將網癮歸為“行為成癮”，但是這種現(xiàn)象仍然需要進一步研究。注意抓住題干中的關鍵信息lntemet addiction、further studied和behavioraladdiction。文中論及第五版的《精神疾病診斷與統(tǒng)計手冊》如何界定網癮的內容出現(xiàn)在c段。該段最后一句提到，去年，第五版《精神疾病診斷與統(tǒng)計手冊》編撰小組決定，網癮將不會被劃入“行為成癮”范疇——只有賭博行為被劃入此列——但是有必要對網癮進一步展開研究。由此可知，題干是對原文的同義轉述，故答案為C。
52.K
解析：題干意為，一位互聯(lián)網專家發(fā)現(xiàn)大多數(shù)學生在意識到自己玩得太過火后，就會恢復自控。注意抓住題干中的關鍵信息college students和restore self-control。文中論及大學生可以自控上網行為的內容出現(xiàn)在K段，該段第四句提到，在對大學生展開的一項研究中，BobLaRose發(fā)現(xiàn)他們中的大多數(shù)人一旦感覺自己玩得太過火，就會恢復自控。由此可知，題干是對原文的同義轉述，故答案為K。
53.B
解析：題干意為，根據心理健康專家所說，對于很多人來說，玩電子游戲、瀏覽色情作品以及通過電子郵件和社會網絡收發(fā)信息這三種網絡行為可能會成為問題。注意抓住題干中的關鍵信息mental-healthspecialists、video games、pornography and messagin9和problematic。文中論及這一事實的內容出現(xiàn)在B段，該段第二句提到，心理健康專家認為有三種網絡行為對很多人來說可能是問題性的(即容易停不下來)：玩電子游戲、瀏覽色情作品以及通過電子郵件和社交網絡收發(fā)信息。由此可知，題干是對原文的同義轉述，故答案為B。
54.H
解析：題干意為，在許多人看來，如果在一次商業(yè)午餐中，沒有人拿出手機查看信息，那這簡直是一個小的奇跡。注意抓住題干中的關鍵信息miracle、a phone和a business lunch。文中論及商業(yè)午餐的內容出現(xiàn)在H段。該段第三句提到，如果在一次商業(yè)午餐中，沒有人拿出手機查看信息，那么在許多人看來這都算是個小小的奇跡。由此可知，題干是對原文的同義轉述，故答案為H。
55.E
解析：題干意為，KimbedyYoung強調人們必須學會應對互聯(lián)網引發(fā)的新問題。注意抓住題干中的關鍵信息Kimberly Young insists、new problems和the Intemet。文中論及Kimberly Young相關觀點的內容出現(xiàn)在E段，該段第三句提到，Youn9強調，互聯(lián)網環(huán)境具有強大的吸引力，人們必須學會應對由其引發(fā)的新問題。由此可知，題干是對原文的同義轉述，故答案為E。
英語四級真題試卷10
Passage Three
Method of Scientific Inquiry
Why the inductive and mathematical sciences,after their first rapid development at the culmination of Greek civilization,advanced so slowly for two thousand years—and why in the following two hundred years a knowledge of natural and mathematical science has accumulated,which so vastly exceeds all that was previously known that these sciences may be justly regarded as the products of our own times—are questions which have interested the modern philosopher not less than the objects with which these sciences are more immediately conversant.Was it the employment of a new method of research,or in the exercise of greater virtue in the use of the old methods,that this singular modern phenomenon had its origin? Was the long period one of arrested development,and is the modern era one of normal growth? Or should we ascribe the characteristics of both periods to so-called historical accidents—to the influence of conjunctions in circumstances of which no explanation is possible,save in the omnipotence and wisdom of a guiding Providence?
The explanation which has become commonplace,that the ancients employed deduction chiefly in their scientific inquiries,while the moderns employ induction,proves to be too narrow,and fails upon close examination to point with sufficient distinctness the contrast that is evident between ancient and modern scientific doctrines and inquiries.For all knowledge is founded on observation,and proceeds from this by analysis,by synthesis and analysis,by induction and deduction,and if possible by verification,or by new appeals to observation under the guidance of deduction—by steps which are indeed correlative parts of one method; and the ancient sciences afford examples of every one of these methods,or parts of one method,which have been generalized from the examples of science.
A failure to employ or to employ adequately any one of these partial methods,an imperfection in the arts and resources of observation and experiment,carelessness in observation,neglect of relevant facts,by appeal to experiment and observation—these are the faults which cause all failures to ascertain truth,whether among the ancients or the moderns; but this statement does not explain why the modern is possessed of a greater virtue,and by what means he attained his superiority.Much less does it explain the sudden growth of science in recent times.
The attempt to discover the explanation of this phenomenon in the antithesis of “facts” and “theories” or “facts” and “ideas”—in the neglect among the ancients of the former,and their too exclusive attention to the latter—proves also to be too narrow,as well as open to the charge of vagueness.For in the first place,the antithesis is not complete.Facts and theories are not coordinate species.Theories,if true,are facts—a particular class of facts indeed,generally complex,and if a logical connection subsists between their constituents,have all the positive attributes of theories.
Nevertheless,this distinction,however inadequate it may be to explain the source of true method in science,is well founded,and connotes an important character in true method.A fact is a proposition of simple.A theory,on the other hand,if true has all the characteristics of a fact,except that its verification is possible only by indirect,remote,and difficult means.To convert theories into facts is to add simple verification,and the theory thus acquires the full characteristics of a fact.
1.The title that best expresses the ideas of this passage is
[A].Philosophy of mathematics.[B].The Recent Growth in Science.
[C].The Verification of Facts.[C].Methods of Scientific Inquiry.
2.According to the author,one possible reason for the growth of science during the days of the ancient Greeks and in modern times is
[A].the similarity between the two periods.
[B].that it was an act of God.
[C].that both tried to develop the inductive method.
[D].due to the decline of the deductive method.
3.The difference between “fact” and “theory”
[A].is that the latter needs confirmation.
[B].rests on the simplicity of the former.
[C].is the difference between the modern scientists and the ancient Greeks.
[D].helps us to understand the deductive method.
4.According to the author,mathematics is
[A].an inductive science.[B].in need of simple verification.
[C].a deductive science.[D].based on fact and theory.
5.The statement “Theories are facts” may be called.
[A].a metaphor.[B].a paradox.
[C].an appraisal of the inductive and deductive methods.
[D].a pun.
答案詳解
1.D.科學研究/探索的方法。文章一開始就提出問題，為什么從希臘文化頂峰時期后兩千年來歸納法和數(shù)學科學發(fā)展如此緩慢，而后的兩百年又超越了前人，是應用新，舊方法關系還是其它（見難句譯注1，2）。第二段講埃及古代在科學探索中運用了演繹推理法，而現(xiàn)在應用了歸納法。這種解釋太狹隘，經仔細審核，難以很清晰地點明古代和現(xiàn)代科學教義和探究上明顯的差別。因為一切知識都基于觀察，通過分析，綜合，或綜合分析，歸納演繹推理，有可能的話，經過校正或經由演繹指導下再觀察而向前推進。第三段進一步闡明不用這些方法觀察，實驗;忽略相關事實，推理不慎;不能答出理論的結論，再用實驗或觀察來檢驗等或用得不全，不論在古代還是現(xiàn)代都會失敗。但這不能說明為什么現(xiàn)代科學具有較高的功效，通過什么方式方法，超越了前人，更不用說說明最近科學突飛猛進的原因。第四，五段涉及事實和理論的關系。
A.數(shù)學的哲學，文內沒有提。 B.近來科學的發(fā)展。 C.事實的驗證，只是最后兩段提及驗證方法之作用。
2.B.是上天的安排，這是作家在用方法論等失敗后得出的結論。見難句譯注4，第一段最后一句話。
A.兩個階段的相似性。 .兩者都試圖應用歸納法。 D.由于演繹法的衰落。
3.A.后者需要證實。答案在第四，五段，死段試圖在事實的對立面和理論，或事實和思想中發(fā)現(xiàn)上述現(xiàn)象的解釋看起來有餓太狹隘，也會因模糊不清遭批評。因為，對立面不全面，事實和理論不是同類的事物。理論，如果是真正的理論，就是事實——一種特殊類別的事實，一般復雜，但仍是事實。而事實，從詞的狹義來說，如果很復雜，如果各成分中存在著邏輯的聯(lián)系，就具有理論的一切主要特征。第五段第二句，事實是一個提議，通過運用知識的源泉和經驗而證實的提議直接而又簡單。而理論，若是真理論，就有事實的一切特性（除非其證實只能通過非直接的，遙遠的和困難的方式方法），把理論轉成事實必須用簡單的核實，理論因此具有事實的一切特性。
B.前者簡單。 C.是現(xiàn)代科學家和古希臘的差異。 D.幫助我們了解演繹法，三項都不對。
4.C.是推理演繹科學，這個問題常識就能回答。
A.歸納法科學。 B.需要簡單證實。 D.基于事實和理論。
5.B.是一個悖論，見第四，五段注釋。
A.比喻。 C.對歸納法和演繹法的贊揚。 D.雙關語。
英語四級真題試卷11
Professor Smith recently persuaded 35 people,23 of them women,to keep a diary of all their absent-mindedactions for a fortnight.When he came to analyse their embarrassing lapses(差錯)in a scientific report,hewas surprised to find that nearly all of them fell into a few groupings,Nordid the lapses appear to be entirely random(隨機的).
One of the women,for instance,on leaving her house for work one morning threw her dog her earrings and tried to fix a dog biscuit on her ear."the explanation for this is that the brain is like a computer," explains the professor."People programme themselves to do certain activities regularly.It was the woman’s custom every morning to throw her dog two biscuits and then put on her earrings.But somehow the action got reversed in the programme," About one in twenty of the incidents the volunteers reported were these "programme assembly failures,"
Altogether the volunteers logged 433 unintentional actions that they found themselves doing---an average of twelve each,There appear to be peak periods in the day when we are at our zaniest(荒謬可笑的).These aretwo hours some time between eight a.m.and noon,between four and six p.m.with a smaller peak between eight and ten p.m."Among men the peak seems to be when a changeover in brain’ programmes’ occurs,as for instance between going to and from work." Women on average reported slightly more lapses----- 12.5 compared with 10.9 for men m probably because they were more reliable reporters.
A startling finding of the research is that the absent-minded activity is a hazard of doing things in which we are skilled.Normally,you would expect that skill reduces the number of errors we make.But trying to avoid silly slips by concentrating more could make things a lot worse m even dangerous.
練習題：
Choose correct answers to the question:
1.In his study Professor Smith asked the subjects________
A.to keep track of people who tend too forget things
B.to report their embarrassing lapses at random
C.to analyse their awkward experiences scientifically
D.to keep a record of what they did unintentionally
2.Professor Smith discovered that________
A.certain patterns can be identified in the recorded incidents
B.many people were too embarrassed to admit their absent-mindedness
C.men tend to be more absent-minded than women
D.absent-mindedness is an excusable human weakness
3."Programme assembly failures"(Line 6,Para.2)refers to the phenomenon that people______
A.often fail to programme their routines beforehand
B.tend to make mistakes when they are in a hurry
C.unconsciously change the sequence of doing things
D.are likely to mess things up if they are too tired
4.We learn from the third paragraph that_______
A.absent-mindedness tends to occur during certain hours of the day
B.women are very careful to perform actions during peak periods
C.women experience more peak periods of absent-mindedness
D.men’s absent-mindedness often results in funny situations
5.It can be concluded from the passage that_____
A.people should avoid doing important things during peak periods of lapses
B.hazards can be avoided when people do things they are good at
C.people should be careful when programming their actions
D.lapses cannot always be attributed to lack of concentration
參考答案
1.[D] 事實細節(jié)題。本文第1句中的to keep a diary of all their absent-minded actions就是指to keep a record of what they did unintentionally,題目中的subjects指實驗對象，被測試者。
2.[A] 事實細節(jié)題。根據第2句中nearly all of them fell into a few groupings可以找到本題答案，題目中的discover是該句中find的同義詞,A的patterns與原文中的groupings意義相同。
3.[C] 語義題。根據第2段最后兩句提到,但是不知怎么的這種行為在程序中顛倒了。這些被測試者報告的事件中二十個中有一個屬于這種“流水線程序錯誤”。C的unconsciously與somehow對應,change the sequence of doing things與the action got reversed對應，故本題選C。
4.[A] 事實細節(jié)題。根據第3段的第2、3句“一天之中似乎存在一些人們易犯荒謬可笑錯誤的高峰時段”,之后到舉了幾個高峰時間，可知A與之相符。
5.[D] 推理判斷題。根據文章最后兩句“一般來說，我們會以為技術嫻熟可以減少錯誤。但是為了避免出現(xiàn)愚蠢的失誤而更加專注，只會把事情弄得更糟糕，甚至會導致危險�！笨芍狣“差錯并不總是注意力不集中導致的” 正確。
英語四級真題試卷12
China Goes Car Crazy
In late April,as authorities in Beijing mobilized tocontain the SARS virus,33 -yearold Li Yangclimbed into her red Suzuki Alto and headed west.Slipping out of the city hours ahead of a governmentquarantine 1,she" just kept going to see how far I could get."Six days and 1,600 miles later,she arrived in Lhasa,the Tibetan capital.Thrilled and exhausted,she posted a notice on theInternet,documenting her adventure with digital photos and appealing for a companion toshare the drive home.
For centuries such freedom of movement has been unimaginable in China .In feudal times,poverty,bad roads,and imperial edict confined subjects of the Middle Kingdom to thevillages where they were born.Now all that is changing.After nearly a quarter century ofeconomic liberalization,car ownership is suddenly within reach of millions of ordinary Chinese.As incomes rise,new car prices plummet2,and the government adds new roadways,Chinas1.3 billion inhabitants are eager to trade their bicycles for a faster set of wheels.In 2002passenger car sales topped one million for the first time.In the first six months of first year(2003 ),Chinas new car sales surge 85% over the same period last year.
The profusion of cars has launched a new cultural revolution,transforming Chinese life andsociety in ways that bear surprising resemblance to what happened in American 50 years ago.The most obvious change is the traffic.Beijings broad boulevards are now choked with cars atrush hour.In Shanghai the bridges and tunnels crossing the Huangpu River are so congestedthat a cab ride from one side to the other can be an hour-long ordeal.To prevent gridlock,theShanghai city government auctions a limited number of new car license plates each month.Nevertheless,demand has soared,driving the minimum successful bid to more than 4,000 .Even with these restrictions,the number of gas-guzzling vehicles on Chinese roads ismultiplying so fast it poses a grave threat to the environment and could reshape the globaleconomics of oil.
Beijing now boasts the drive-in3 movie theaters.Prospering yuppie4 SUV5 owners bandtogether of off-road excursions to the Great Wall.Some have organized weekend drag races.The newsstands display a riot of motor magazines,where readers can ogle domestic andimport models.Private -car ownership has spawned a new class of commuters,162 too,whomotor to downtown office towers from spacious,modern homes in the suburbs.
" I enjoy the drive,"says the manager for a Dutch food additives company,of the 30-minut-tripto his office in central Shanghai.He lives with his wife and infant son in a gated communitywith a familiar name : Long Island.The grounds are immaculately landscaped,and the homescome in French,Italian,and English Tudor model."It would be probably be cheaper to ride ataxi every day,"he confides."But this way I have more freedom."
練習題：
�、�.Choose correct answers to the question:
1.Why did she post a notice on the Internet?
A.To document her adventure .B.To ask for help.
C.To appeal for a companion.D.To show off her bravery.
2.In feudal times,what confined people to the villages where they were born?
A.Poverty.B.The feudal government.
C.Their reluctance to leave home.D.Bad roads.
�、�.Match word with its Chinese equivalent:
1.quarantine A.雅皮士
2.plummet B.“免下車”電影
3.drive-in movie C.隔離區(qū)
4.yuppie D.下跌,快速落下
參考答案
�、�.1.A.C2.A.B.D
�、�.1 .C2.D 3.B 4.A
參考譯文
中國為車狂
2003年5月末,北京官方動員抗擊非典時,33歲的李揚開動她的紅色鈴木奧托在北京被隔離前數(shù)小時開始西行。車子悄悄溜出城市,遠離隔離區(qū),她“ 只是想試試逃離,看自己能走多遠”。歷經6天,她跑了1600英里后,到達了西藏的省會拉薩。極度興奮和疲勞之余,她在網上刊登數(shù)碼照片敘述了她異乎尋常的經歷,尋求一起駕車回家的同伴。
在中國,幾個世紀以來,這樣的來去自由是無法想象的。在封建時代,窮困的生活、坎坷的道路、專橫的法令將中世紀王國的臣民禁錮在自己出生的小村莊�，F(xiàn)在一切都在改變 。經過二十多年的改革開放,私家車已進入成千上萬的尋常百姓家。收入增加,新車價格暴跌,政府興建道路,使中國的13 億國民急切地把他們的自行車換成四輪汽車。2002年轎車的銷售量首次到了100萬輛。2003年的上半年,汽車銷量比去年同期上升了85% 。
汽車的普及引發(fā)了一場新的文化大革新,這種生活方式和社會的變化和50年前的美國有驚人的相似之處。最明顯的變化就體現(xiàn)在交通狀況上。北京的林蔭大道上,上下班高峰時間里車滿為患。在上海,交通嚴重堵塞時,通過黃浦江的大橋和隧道要花上幾小時。為了防止交通堵塞,上海政府每個月限量拍賣車牌號。然而,購車欲望遠遠得不到滿足,車牌號最低標價漲到了4000美元。即便如此,公路上耗油的汽車仍然在成倍增長,它們威脅到了環(huán)境,甚至會重塑全球的石油經濟。
現(xiàn)在北京正興起“ 免下車”電影院。富有的雅皮士們組隊駕駛越野車到長城做短途旅行。有些人則每個周末組織汽車賽。報刊亭里各色的汽車雜志上面刊登著各色國產或進口樣車的圖片,讀者可以一飽眼福。有車族形成了新型的通勤階層。他們開車從郊區(qū)寬敞、現(xiàn)代的家到市中心的辦公室。丹麥某食品添加劑公司的經理說:“ 我喜歡駕30分鐘的車到上海市中心辦公�！彼退钠拮右约榜唏僦械膬鹤幼≡谝粋�被冠名為“ 長島”的封閉式社區(qū)里。周邊的景色美化得無可挑剔,房屋有法式的、意大利式的和英國都鐸式的�！� 可能每天打的士更便宜,”他坦言:“ 但是這樣我更自由�！�
閱讀解析
1.quarantine v.(為防止傳染病的流行而)將(人、畜、船等)隔離,如: He was quarantined for three weekswhen he had scarlet fever.(他患猩紅熱時被隔離了三個星期。)作名詞的意思為“ 隔離期或隔離區(qū)”,如: Thequarantine for a dog entering Britain from abroad issix months.(從國外進入英國的狗檢疫隔離期為6 個月。)文章中用作名詞。
2.plummet v.① 快速落下,陡直掉下,如: The explosion sent the aircraft plummeting towardsthe sea.(爆炸后飛機一頭栽向大海)。②(價格、水平等)驟然下跌,陡然變差,如:Market pricesplummeted.(行市驟跌。)Most of the industrial world plummeted into a deep recession.(大多數(shù)工業(yè)國一下子跌入了嚴重的衰退)
3.drive-in n.&adj.(顧客無須下車即可得到的服務的)“免下車”餐館(或劇院、銀行和郵局等),如: afast food drive-in(免下車路邊快餐店); a drive-in movie(坐在車上觀看的“ 免下車”電影); theconvenient drive-in window at the bank(銀行“免下車”服務窗口)。
4.yuppie n.(美國)少壯職業(yè)人士,雅皮士。來源于young urban professionals 的首字母縮寫+(hip)pie。從這個來源我們可以知道,雅皮士往往和hippie 即嬉皮士相對。嬉皮士是20 世紀60 年代出現(xiàn)于美國的頹廢派一員,對現(xiàn)實社會抱不滿情緒,常服用引起幻覺的麻醉劑,信奉非暴力和神秘主義,實行群居,蓄長發(fā),穿奇裝異服。
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