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中山陵英語(yǔ)導(dǎo)游詞簡(jiǎn)潔（通用11篇）
作為一名專門為游客提供幫助的導(dǎo)游，總歸要編寫導(dǎo)游詞，導(dǎo)游詞可以加深游客對(duì)景點(diǎn)的印象，是提升講解水平的重要工具。那么導(dǎo)游詞應(yīng)該怎么寫才更有條理呢？以下是小編為大家整理的中山陵英語(yǔ)導(dǎo)游詞簡(jiǎn)潔，歡迎閱讀，希望大家能夠喜歡。
中山陵英語(yǔ)導(dǎo)游詞簡(jiǎn)潔 1
Dear tourists
hello everyone! Im Prince Yang, guide of new century travel agency. Welcome to visit Zhongshan Mausoleum with me.
Zhongshan Mausoleum is located in Nanjing, the famous ancient capital of China. In the long history of China, 10 dynasties and regimes have established their capitals here. Many famous people are sleeping here. The mausoleum of Sun Zhongshan, the great revolutionary pioneer, is located at the southern foot of Zhongshan Mountain in the eastern suburb of Nanjing. Zhongshan is the highest peak of Ningzhen mountain range, about 460 meters above sea level, east-west trend, about 7 kilometers long, north-south width of about 3 kilometers. For thousands of years, various social activities have been carried out here, and many gardens, Dizhai, temples, pagodas, altars and mausoleums have been built, leaving countless historical facts and moving legends.
On March 12, 1925, Sun Yat Sen died of liver cancer in Beijing. On his deathbed, he repeatedly said that he would like his body to be preserved like his friend Lenin and buried in Nanjing Zijin Mountain. According to his will, the central executive committee of the Kuomintang unanimously decided to build a mausoleum in Nanjing Zijin mountain. The design of the mausoleum was selected through competition and adopted the method of sealed evaluation. Finally, the design of the mausoleum was evaluated The first prize is a bell pattern designed by Chinese designer LV Yanchang. The bell has the meaning of "warning" and "freedom". It symbolizes the significance and contribution of Sun Yat sen in leading the Chinese revolution. At the same time, it is consistent with Zhongshan, where the mausoleum is located. In the specific design, it adopts a combination of Chinese and Western techniques, draws on the experience of Chinese ancient traditional architecture, and adopts the general design method of central axis symmetry The plane layout, the architectural appearance of national form, the simple tone, the simple decoration and the large area greening and other methods well show the solemn atmosphere of the cemetery and the immortal spirit of Dr. Sun Yat Sen. Zhongshan Mausoleum was built in the spring of 1926. Due to the Warlords separatist regime, the political situation was chaotic, and the progress of the project was slow. It was only completed in March 1929. On June 1, 1929, a grand ceremony of Fengan was held, and all parts of the country were immersed in sorrow. Dr. Sun Yat Sens coffin was buried in the tomb at 12 oclock in the sound of 101 salute guns, and a generation of great men rested in the south foot of Zhongshan Mountain.
The entrance of the mausoleum is located at the southernmost end. It is a stone archway with three rooms and three floors. Under the eaves of the Ming Dynasty, there is a plaque of Dr. Sun Yat Sens operation "fraternity". Continue to go inside, along the path of the tomb, you can get to the Great Mausoleum gate. The mausoleum gate is 15 meters high, 24 meters wide and 8 meters deep, with extraordinary momentum In big characters, from the back of the gate of the mausoleum to the stone steps and the stele Pavilion, there stands an 8-meter-high stone tablet in Guifu, which is engraved with gold regular script: "the Chinese Kuomintang buried Mr. Sun here, June 1, 18, the Republic of China.". From the stele Pavilion further north, across the 290 steps, we can reach a large platform 135 meters wide and 30 meters deep. The platform is the commanding height of the whole mausoleum. It has a broad vision and a myriad of sceneries. It is not only convenient for close-up, but also suitable for distant viewing. No matter in spring, summer, autumn, winter, wind, frost, rain and snow, nature shows people the wonderful scenery around it. In the center of the platform is the memorial hall. On the front of the memorial hall, the eye joint of Mingjian is engraved with Dr. Sun Yat Sens operation "heaven and earth healthy qi". On the top of the three round ticket doors, there are six words "nation", "civil rights" and "peoples livelihood". There are 12 black granite columns inside. To the north of the center of the memorial hall, there is a white marble statue of the great revolutionist. The statue sits upright and looks calm Detailed, vivid.
The majestic Zhongshan Mausoleum sets off Dr. Sun Yat Sens great character and immortal spirit. It is also a symbol of Dr. Sun Yat Sens character and spirit. In the solemn atmosphere of Zhongshan Mausoleum, it expresses peoples infinite respect for Dr. Sun Yat Sen.
Sun Yat Sen, the forerunner of Chinas democratic revolution!
中山陵英語(yǔ)導(dǎo)游詞簡(jiǎn)潔 2
Dear friends, when you come to a famous historical and cultural city, you must want to see the most famous and characteristic scenic spots. When you get to Nanjing, if you dont go to Zhongshan Mausoleum, you can only see half of Nanjing city. Although Nanjing is known as the "ancient capital of Six Dynasties" and has many places of interest, such as "forty scenes of Jinling", Zhongshan Mausoleum is undoubtedly one of the most attractive and well-known.
When we talk about Zhongshan Mausoleum, we should of course mention its owner, Dr. Sun Yat Sen, the great pioneer of Chinas democratic revolution. Mr. Suns real name is Sun Wen and his character is Yixian. Foreign friends call him "Dr. Sun Yat Sen". Because he used the pseudonym of "Zhongshan Qiao" when he was engaged in revolutionary activities in Japan, he was honored as Dr. Sun Yat sen in China. Sun Yat Sen was born on November 12, 1866 in Cuiheng village, Xiangshan County, Guangdong Province. He had little ambition. He studied in Honolulu, Hong Kong and other places. After graduation, he practiced medicine in Guangzhou, Macao and other places. Later, he abandoned medicine and went into politics. In 1905, he organized the Chinese Alliance in Japan, and was elected as the leader. He put forward the famous program of "expelling prisoners, restoring China, establishing the Republic of China, and averaging land rights", and the theory of "nation, civil rights, and peoples livelihood". After the Wuchang Uprising broke out on October 10, 1911, Mr. Sun was elected as the provisional president of the Republic of China by the representatives of 17 provinces, and was sworn in in in Nanjing on New Years day the following year. Since then, he has experienced many ups and downs, such as "Yuan Shikai stealing the country", "the second revolution", "the movement to protect the country", "the movement to protect the law" and so on. At the first National Congress of the Chinese Kuomintang held in Guangzhou in January 1924, he developed the old three peoples principles into the new three peoples principles, and put forward three major policies of "uniting Russia and the Communist Party to help farmers and workers". In November of the same year, at the invitation of Feng Yuxiang, he went north with illness to discuss the national plan. Finally, he died in Beijing on March 12, 1925 due to chronic labor.
The tomb site of Zhongshan Mausoleum was selected by Mr. Sun. Its a good place to build a mausoleum because of its wide view and magnificent weather. You may ask: Mr. Sun was born in Guangdong, died in Beijing, and spent his whole life traveling for the revolution. Why did he choose Nanjing as his resting place?
It is said that as early as 1912, when Mr. Sun took office as the provisional president, the abbot monk of Linggu Temple once recommended this geomantic treasure land of "Pingchuan in the front and Qingzhang in the back". On March 31 of that year, in order to seek the peaceful reunification of the north and the south, Dr. Sun Yat Sen resolutely resigned as president. One day in early April, he and Hu Hanmin went hunting in the area of Xiaoling Mausoleum of Ming Dynasty, and came to the site of the mausoleum to have a rest. Mr. Sun looked around and said to the left and right, when I die in the future, I want to ask the people for this land for burial. Of course, the momentum and Feng Shui of Zijin Mountain is not the fundamental reason for Mr. Suns decision. On his deathbed, Mr. Sun said: "after my death, I can be buried at the foot of Zijin Mountain in Nanjing. Because Nanjing is the place where the provisional government was established, I will not forget the revolution of 1911. "Therefore, although Mr. Suns stay in Nanjing is not long, Nanjing is of special significance to Mr. Sun. He chose Nanjing Zijin Mountain as the tomb site, fundamentally speaking, to commemorate the revolution of 1911 and inspire the revolutionary colleagues.
In order to respect Mr. Suns will, the preparatory office for Sun Yat Sens burial, composed of his wife Song Qingling and Sun Ke, inspected the site on the spot, selected the site of the mausoleum, planned a site of 20xx mu to repair the mausoleum, and published a newspaper award to collect the mausoleum design. Among the applicants, the bell pattern designed by young architect LV Yanzhi was unanimously awarded the first prize, and he was also employed to preside over all the projects. On March 12, 1926, on the first anniversary of Mr. Suns death, a foundation laying ceremony was held. It took more than three years and cost 1.5 million silver yuan. Zhongshan Mausoleum was finally completed in the spring of 1929. Unfortunately, Lu Yanzhi, a talented young architect studying in the United States, devoted himself to the construction of the mausoleum. Unfortunately, he suffered from liver cancer as well as Mr. Sun. He died at the end of the project at the age of 35. The Fengan ceremony was held on June 1, 1929, and Mr. Suns body was transported from Beijing to Nanjing. Since then, Mr. Sun has been sleeping here for more than 60 years.
The construction of Zhongshan Mausoleum is a great event in the history of Nanjing city construction. In order to meet Mr. Suns spiritual pivot, Nanjing built the first asphalt road, Zhongshan Road, which is 24 Li long, from Zhongshan Wharf in the west to Zhongshan Gate in the East. Up to now, Zhongshan road is still one of the main roads in Nanjing. At the same time, the Chaoyang Gate of Ming Dynasty was renovated and renamed Zhongshan Gate. A cemetery road was built between Zhongshan Gate and Zhongshan Mausoleum. Just as Parisians are proud of the Champs Elysees and New Yorkers are proud of the Fifth Avenue, Nanjing people are most proud of the beautiful Boulevard of their city. The 3 km long Cemetery Road is undoubtedly the best representative of Nanjing Avenue. On this side of the "green corridor", Wutong is planted on the main street tree of Nanjing. People used to call it "Chinas Wutong", but traced back to the source, it is our native product. It was only because the French transplanted it from Yunnan to the French concession in Shanghai that they got the name of the combination of local and foreign cultures.
After leaving Zhongshan Gate, drive along Lingyuan Road, and the end point is the half moon square in front of Zhongshan Mausoleum. Please look south. Just south of the square is an octagonal stone platform. The two eared and three legged red copper tripod on the stage, weighing 5000 kg, is 4.25 meters high and 1.23 meters in diameter. It is one of the commemorative decorations of Zhongshan Mausoleum. The tripod was cast in the autumn of 1933 and donated by all the teachers and students of Guangzhou Sun Yat sen University and Dai Jitao. "Wisdom, benevolence and bravery" is the motto of Sun Yat sen University. There is a hexagonal bronze plate in the tripod, engraved with the full text of filial piety written by Dai Mu.
Stepping up from the square, facing is a stone archway with four pillars and three gates. Built in 1931-1933, the archway is 12 meters high and 17.3 meters wide. The building blocks are made of large pieces of Fujian granite, but they are made of traditional Chinese wood structure. When you look up, you can see the glittering word "fraternity" in the middle of the square. These two words are Mr. Suns handwriting, originally from the Tang Han Yus "original way" of "fraternity is benevolence". It is said that Mr. Sun loved to give away the word "title" when he was alive. Mr. Sun devoted his whole life to the bourgeois democratic revolution with the great spirit of fraternity, and fought for the independence and freedom of the nation. It can be said that the word "fraternity" is a high summary and the best portrayal of his life.
Walking forward from Bo Ai Fang is a 480 meter long and tens of meters wide tomb passage. The overall design of Zhongshan Mausoleum highlights the traditional Chinese style, solemn and unique. In order to reflect suns sublimity and greatness, Zhongshan Mausoleum followed the ancient custom of taking the mountain as the mausoleum, and built the tomb chamber at the highest place of the mausoleum at an altitude of about 160 meters. In addition, the architectural vegetation of the whole mausoleum area is axial symmetry, which gives people a sense of solemnity. Please look ahead. Facing north, there are mausoleum gate, stele Pavilion, sacrificial hall and tomb chamber behind the sacrificial hall. The cedars, cypresses, Ginkgo biloba and red maple on both sides of the tomb path are opposite each other, replacing the stone man and stone beast used in ancient times, symbolizing Mr. Suns revolutionary spirit and noble quality. Cedrus deodara is one of the four major ornamental tree species in the world, and has become the city tree of Nanjing.
At the end of the passage is the platform. According to the design of LV Yanzhi, the whole mausoleum is in the shape of "Mu Duo". Duo is what we usually call big bell block. In ancient times, it was used to announce religious and political decrees and war orders. Duos voice is loud, and spread far away. It has the metaphorical meaning of "make the world reach Tao". The selection of such a scheme for the mausoleum reminds us of Mr. Suns famous saying that "the revolution has not yet been successful, comrades still need to work hard", and its intention is also warning future generations. The platform square here is the lower edge of the "freedom clock" designed by LV Yanzhi. This magnificent three arch gate is the official beginning of the mausoleum. It is 16 meters high, 27 meters wide and 8.8 meters deep. It is also made of Fujian granite. On the banner of Zhongmen is Sun Yat Sens handwritten "the world is for the public", which comes from the book of rites. Liyuns "the journey of the road is also the world is for the public", which means that the state power is not the world of any family, but the world of the people and the people. This is the ideal that Mr. Sun has strived for all his life and an excellent annotation of the three peoples principles he advocated.
After the mausoleum gate is the stele Pavilion. On the 9-meter-high monument in the center of the pavilion, there are 24 large characters with gold inlaid face, written by Tan Yankai, a veteran of the Kuomintang, "the Chinese Kuomintang buried Mr. Sun here on June 1, the eighteenth year of the Republic of China.". At the beginning of the discussion, Wang Jingwei and Hu Hanmin planned to write inscriptions and epitaphs respectively. It took two years to write. We all think that Mr. Wangs ideological achievements cant be summarized by words, so we simply dont write inscriptions and use the present form instead.
Out of the pavilion, facing the stone steps layer upon layer. Nanjing people often say that the steps of Zhongshan Mausoleum are like stone lions of Lugou bridge. So visitors here often ask: how many steps does Zhongshan Mausoleum have?
Dear friends, you might as well count it, OK?
中山陵英語(yǔ)導(dǎo)游詞簡(jiǎn)潔 3
From south to north, Zhongshan Mausoleum gradually rises along the central axis, followed by square, stone square, tomb path, tomb gate, stele Pavilion, memorial hall and tomb chamber.
Looking down from the air, Zhongshan Mausoleum looks like a "freedom bell" lying on the green carpet. The bronze statue of Dr. Sun Yat Sen at the foot of the mountain is the spire of the bell, the half moon shaped square is the arc of the bell, and the dome of the tomb at the top of the mausoleum is like a smooth pendulum.
Behind the stone square of Beiting is a 375 meter long and 40 meter wide tomb passage. In front of the gate, there are four characters on the forehead of the gate, which are written in the handwriting of Sun Yat Sen: "the world is for the public". Further into the pavilion, a 6-meter-high stone tablet is engraved with the gilded character "on June 1, the 18th year of the Republic of China, the Chinese Kuomintang buried Mr. Sun here". Passing the pavilion is the steep stone steps, which are divided into eight sections and 392 levels.
There are two Huabiao on the highest platform of the mausoleum, followed by the sacrificial hall. In the center of the memorial hall is the white marble statue of Dr. Sun Yat Sen. on the four walls of the memorial hall are engraved with the outline of the founding of the peoples Republic written by Dr. Sun Yat Sen himself and the will written by Hu Hanmin and others.
There is a bronze door behind the memorial hall of the tomb, with the four characters of "great spirit forever" written on the banner. Inside the door is the bell shaped tomb, in the center of which is a round marble cave with a diameter of 4 meters and a depth of 5 meters. Sun Yat Sens white jade coffin and lying statue were placed in the round cave.
There are also some memorial buildings around Zhongshan Mausoleum, which were invested and built by people from all walks of life and overseas Chinese at that time, and can be used for sightseeing.
中山陵英語(yǔ)導(dǎo)游詞簡(jiǎn)潔 4
National 4A tourist attractions. Originally known as the cemetery, it is located at the south foot of Xiaomao mountain, the second peak of Zhongshan Mountain. It is the mausoleum of Sun Yat Sen, the great revolutionary pioneer. It faces south from the north and is built close to the mountain. It is composed of a semicircular square, a memorial archway, a tomb passage, a tomb gate, a stele Pavilion, a memorial hall and a tomb chamber. The tomb is 165 meters above sea level, 700 meters from the starting plane, and 73 meters from the top to the bottom. The general plan of the whole group of buildings adopts the pattern of "Liberty Bell", which means "making the world reach the Tao". Those who look up from below can see that the vast forest is set off by the blue tiles and silver walls, just like the noble righteousness of a great man, living with the earth. The grand mausoleum project was laid in March 1926 and completed in the spring of 1929. On May 28 of the same year, Sun Yat Sens coffin arrived in Nanjing from Beijing. On June 1, the Fengan ceremony was held in Zhongshan Mausoleum.
With the efforts of relevant departments and a cost of 4 billion yuan, the Zhongshan cemetery scenic spot in Nanjing has been renovated for four years. The newly completed scenic spots will be opened to the public free of charge. After this rectification, Qianhu Park, Pipa Lake Park, meihuagu Park, Xiamafang Heritage Park, Boai Park and Zhongshan sports park will be built around the original core area of the scenic spot And Yingpanshan park.
From the square to the sacrificial hall, the slope of Zhongshan Mausoleum increases step by step. From Boai square to the sacrificial hall, the elevation angle is 9 degrees. From the stele pavilion to the sacrificial hall, the elevation angle is increased to 19 degrees. There are 392 steps in Zhongshan Mausoleum, which add a sense of solemnity and reverence step by step. After walking the stone steps, you can reach the platform. Looking back, you cant see any stone steps. You can only see that the eight platforms are connected as flat ground. When you stand on the platform and look up, you can see all the peaks at your feet. You can have a panoramic view of the cemetery. The hills are emerald, the pines and cypresses are green, the pavilions are magnificent.
The new Qianhu park is located at the foot of the wall of Mingcheng City, north of Zhongshan Botanical Garden, displaying more than 20xx kinds of tropical plants; meihuagu Park, which is expanded from Meihuashan, covers an area of 1533 mu, with more than 350 varieties of Meihua, increasing from 15000 to nearly 40000. Xiamafang heritage park takes the 1.1km long Xiaoling Shinto as the main line. Along the line, there are three groups of stone buildings and a large number of precious stone relics of Ming and Qing Dynasties, such as newly unearthed high relief dragon stone tablet, Guanyin Pavilion big stone wall, Kangxi "fengzhimiansanze tablet", which are of great ornamental value.
中山陵英語(yǔ)導(dǎo)游詞簡(jiǎn)潔 5
In the early morning of April 24, the second and third field armies of the Chinese peoples Liberation Army crossed the Yangtze River and entered Nanjing. At that time, the Kuomintang troops in Nanjing had retreated. After the PLAs leading troops entered the city, they pursued forward. They found that there was another Kuomintang army in the cemetery, but this army was not a regular army of the Kuomintang, but a guard guard guarding Sun Yat Sens mausoleum. After learning of this situation, the superior leaders of the peoples Liberation Army thought that the Gongwei troops guarding Zhongshan Mausoleum should be different from the Kuomintang troops participating in the civil war. Then, the 105th division of the second field army sent a regiment political commissar Liu Zhicheng to lead a group of soldiers into the cemetery. After arriving at the cemetery, they negotiated with fan Liang and other persons in charge of the Gongwei office. Both sides unanimously decided that the peoples Liberation Army would be stationed in Zhongshan Mausoleum, Ming Xiaoling Mausoleum, Linggu Temple and Zijinshan astronomical observatory. Gongwei brigade accepted the adaptation of the PLA and continued to serve as the guard of Zhongshan Mausoleum. Since then, the history of Zhongshan Mausoleum has opened a new page.
On the morning of the same day, Liu Zhicheng, political commissar of the regiment, called on the cadres of Gongwei office to make a speech, explaining that the Communist Party has always respected Dr. Sun Yat Sen, that the PLA will strictly protect Dr. Sun Yat Sens mausoleum, and that the officers and soldiers of Gongwei Office will work peacefully as usual to maintain the normal order of Dr. Sun Yat Sens mausoleum. Then, Liu Zhicheng and other peoples Liberation Army leaders, led by fan Liang, boarded Zhongshan Mausoleum and inspected the memorial hall, stele Pavilion and mausoleum gate of Zhongshan Mausoleum. They found that there was no damage. At that time, the food supply of Gongwei brigade could not be maintained, and there was still a lack of food. When Liu Zhicheng heard about this situation, he immediately contacted his superiors to help them solve their temporary difficulties.
On the 25th, all the left behind people were called to speak. On April 27, a meeting of all the cadres above the monitor of Gongwei department was held to explain how to carry out the work under the new situation, and ordered that all the weapons should be recorded and sent to Liu Zhengwei to the higher authorities from now on, and all the weapons not used by each team should be deposited with the Department. At the same time, Chen Yi, commander of the third field army, wrote a warrant for "protecting Zhongshan Mausoleum" in his own handwriting, and sent people to Zhongshan Mausoleum. Chen Yis warrant was framed and placed in the mausoleum hall.
In the early days of liberation, some people who did not know the truth listened to the rumors and thought that they could occupy the state property at will after liberation. Some people gathered in public to illegally cut down the forest, especially in the back of the mountain. Not only did some people not listen to persuasion and education, but they dared to surround and beat the members of the Gongwei guard. Zhang Wensheng, the monitor, and Zhai Wenwei, the member of the Gongwei guard, were all injured. Illegal logging was particularly rampant at night, and Dai Yuanzhen, a member of the team, was injured by a hand grenade when he was on patrol. In order to strengthen the protection of Zhongshan cemetery, the CMC decided to send the PLA to cooperate with the arch guard team to strengthen the patrol. Since August 1, Yao erjue and Li Wuben led the public security forces to guard the forest together with the members of the former arch guard. They also arrested 11 criminals, including Feng Qibao, who led the illegal forest felling, and escorted them to the peoples Government of ten districts to deal with them. As a result, the bad elements who illegally felled the forest in the cemetery were attacked. After September, the wind of illegal forest felling gradually subsided.
November 12, 1949 is the first anniversary of Sun Yat Sens birthday after the founding of new China. On this day, Nanjing Municipal military control commission and Nanjing Municipal Peoples government held a grand memorial ceremony at Zhongshan Mausoleum. More than 500 people from all walks of life and representatives from the municipal military control commission, the municipal government, the Nanjing Municipal Committee of the Communist Party of China attended the ceremony. Su Yu, director of the CMC, Ke Qingshi, vice mayor, Tang Liang, deputy secretary of the CPC Nanjing Municipal Committee, Li Fangxun, Wu Yifang, Xu Yangqiu, Chen Zhongfan, representatives of various democratic parties and cultural circles, as well as representatives of the peoples Liberation Army, workers and students, arrived at the Lingtang at 1:30 and stood in front of the statue of Sun Yat Sen. The memorial ceremony began with the National Anthem of new China. Director Su Yu made a short speech after he presented flowers to the statue of Sun Yat Sen. Later, the people who paid homage to Sun Yat Sens tomb entered the tomb and went around Sun Yat Sens tomb. The homage ceremony ended at 12 oclock.
Since then, people from all walks of life in Jiangsu Province and Nanjing have come to Zhongshan Mausoleum to hold a memorial ceremony on the 12th of March and the 12th of November.
中山陵英語(yǔ)導(dǎo)游詞簡(jiǎn)潔 6
My dear friends ,when you come to a city, you probably want to visit the most famous scenic spots of special interest. Nanjing has many place of historic interests and has been capital for six “dynasties.” But if you leave Nanjing without visiting Dr. Sun Yat-sen` s Mausoleum, undoubtedly you have missed the most arresting and famous tourist attraction of the city.
Talking about the Mausoleum we should have an idea about Sun Yat-sen, the great pioneer of Chinese democratic revolution. Mr. Sun `s original name is Sun Wen and styled himself Yat-sen. So foreign friends would call him “Dr. Sun Yat-sen ”. Since he took “Woodcutter in Zhoushan ”as his alias when he took part in the revolutionary activities, he was respectfully and widely called Mr. Sun Zhongshan in China. On October 12, 1866, Mr. Sun was born in a farmer` s family in Caiheng village of Xiangshan county (the present-day zhongshang City) ,Guangdong Province. When he was still young, he had great expectations. He studied medicine in Honolulu, Hong Kong and some other places and after graduation he worked as a practitioner in Gangzhou, Macao and other places Later he gave up medicine as his profession to take part in political activities. In 1905, he set up China Alliance Organization in Japan and he was elected president. He put forward the famous guiding principle- “driving the invaders out ,restoring the sovereignty of China, establishing a republic and equalizing the land ownership ” and the Three People` s Principles-“ Nationalism, Democracy and the People` s Livelihood. ” On October 10, 1911, the Wuchang uprising broke out and Dr. Sun as elected Inrterim President of the Republic of China by representatives from seventeen provinces. On the following New Year` s day (January 1, 1912) Mr. Sun took the oath of office in Nanjing. From then on ,Mr. Sun experienced Yuan Shikai` s usurpation, the Second Revolution, “Campaign Protecting the Interim Constitution.” In 1921, Mr. Sun took the position of President in Unusual Times in Guangzhou. At the first National Congress of Kuomintang held in Quangzhou in 1924, he perfected the original Three People` s Principles and put forward Three people` s New Principles. He also proposed the policies of “Making an alliance with Russia and the Communist Party of China and helping the farmers and workers. ” In November 1924, in spite of his illness, Mr. Sun went up to Beijing to discuss state affairs with General Feng Yuxiang.
Unfortunately, he broke down from constant overwork and passed away on March 12, 1925.
The location of the Mausoleum was chosen by Mr. Sun himself. Here is exactly a good place to build a mausoleum. You may wonder: Mr. Sun was born in Guangdong but died in Beijing. For his whole life he traveled throughout China for the revolution. Why did he choose Nanjing as the venue of his tomb?
It is said that far before Mr. Sun took office in 1912, the abbot of Lingu Monastery had recommended him that his place is good for fengshui, because it faces the plain and is backed up by green mountains as its protective screen. On March 31,1912 Mr. Un resigned as a political compromise for the sake of the union of the North China and the South China. One day of the early April, he went hunting with Hu Hanmin around the Piety Tomb of Ming Dynasty. They took a rest in the place wehre the Mausoleum is located now. Mr. Sun looked around and said “IF possible I would like my countrymen to allow me to have this place to bury my coffin.” Surely, the fengshui of the Zijing Mountain is not the basic reason for the location of Mr. Sun` s mausoleum . The basic reason is that, he said on dying “After my death, you can bury me at the foot of the Zijin Mountain in Nanjing in memory of the Revolution of 1911, because Nanjing is where the temporary government was founded. ”So although Mr. Sun stayed in Nanjing not a long time, it had a special meaning to him. Fundamentally speaking, the reason he chose Zijing Mountain as his permanent resting-place is to commemorate the revolution of 1911 and to encourage the revolutionaries.
In order to respect Mr. Sun` s wish, the Preparatory Committee of Sun Yat-sen` s Funeral, including his wife Song Qingling and his son Sunke, examined the area and chose the site for the Mausoleum. They delimited 2000 mu and offered a reward in newspaper for the best design of the Mausoleum. Among all the contribution, young architect Lu Yanzhi `s design, a design in the shape of a bell ,was highly praised and gained the first prize and he himself was invited to supervise the whole project as well.
On March 12,1926, the first anniversary of Mr. Sun` s death, the project got started and 3 years later, it was completed in spring of 1929. It cost 1.5 million silver collars totally.
中山陵英語(yǔ)導(dǎo)游詞簡(jiǎn)潔 7
Dear visitors:
before reaching the sun yat-sens mausoleum, begin by telling you a brief introduction of sun yat-sens life. Sun yat-sen, named sun wen, word yat-sen, engaged in revolutionary activities in Japan once known as zhongshan firewood. He was born on November 12, 1866 in xiangshan county of guangdong province tsui (now zhongshan city), is the leader of the revolution in China. Sun yat-sen once studied abroad in his early years, in 1892 graduated from the Hong Kong institute of medicine, was once to practice medicine. Of the 20 (superscript th) century China, disaster, the qing government to sign the country with the imperialist powers of the national treaty, making China into a semi-colonial and semi-feudal society completely suffering abyss. x x x x witnessed the qing government, sun yat-sen resolutely give up practicing medicine, devoted to the revolution, in August 1905 and a group of bourgeois revolutionary intellectuals, organization set up in Tokyo Japan in Chinas modern history the first organisation with a nature of bourgeois parties Chinese brothers, put forward the nation, the peoples livelihood, civil rights, that is, three peoples principles revolutionary programme. From 1907 to October 1907, brothers in our country continuously launch armed uprising in south China, especially in the April 27, 1911, launched the guangzhou uprising. Guangzhou uprising, though ultimately failed, for the same year on October 10, the wuchang uprising victory laid a foundation. From then on, the provinces have, x x x x for over 2000 years of Chinese feudal monarchy, the profound and far-reaching influence of Chinas modern history a great revolution, the revolution.
On December 29, 1911, in the central of the interim government meeting, everybody unanimously elected sun yat-sen as the provisional President of the republic of China, to discuss Chinas temporary government and east of nanjing, determined for the first year of the republic of China in 1912. On January l, 1912, sun yat-sen as temporary President from Shanghai to nanjing. But because of the support of yuan shikai and revolutionary compromises, on April 1, 1912, sun yat-sen as temporary President formally, yuan shikai steal revolutionary fruit, and its capital Beijing. Revolution despite setbacks, but sun yat-sen not discouraged, continue to expand the dharma, protecting movement, movement for yuan. In January 1924, the first cooperation with the communist party of China, and put forward the united Russia, the communist party, the peasants of the new three peoples principles. Until late liver cancer, he still endure pain, north and feng yuxiang to discuss affairs of state. On March 12, 1925, died in Beijing due to the deterioration of liver disease.
Sun yat-sen was very like to zhong shan (mountain). As early as in 1912, as temporary President, had been hiking tour. On April 1, the same year was discharged after the post of President, here hunting, see here landscape dependencies, magnificence, had his back to rest the idea of the mountain. Dying in Beijing, he also never forget this dream, urges. Sun yat-sen buried purple mountain, of course, is not just an individual desire, there is another important reason, is that nanjing was the birthplace of the revolution and the temporary seat of government, sun yat-sen reposing in this, said the crusade against the monarchy and the resolve to continue to revolution.
In order to respect the sun yat-sens wishes by the lady soong ching ling, son sunke composed of people such as sun yat-sen was buried in Shanghai, by publicizing award, solicitation mausoleum design scheme. In numerous candidates, the age of 33, alarm bell shape design of young architects Lv Yanzhi design was awarded the first prize. He has been hired to host all project. Lv Yanzhi is dongping county of shandong province, was born in 1894 in tianjin. Early architecture in tsinghua university after graduation, has been sent at Cornell university in the United States, at public expense by American famous designer shigeru the guidance of the Philippines, back home, open he architecture firm in Shanghai. In order to design, sun yat-sen memorial hall, sun yat-sens mausoleum in nanjing and guangzhou, and hard-working. In close to the end of the project, who is suffering from liver cancer, died on March 18, 1929, at the age of 36.
中山陵英語(yǔ)導(dǎo)游詞簡(jiǎn)潔 8
Each group, we now come to the second peak of nanjing purple mountain, small maoshan foothill, here is the great pioneer of Chinese democratic revolution sun yat-sens tomb is located - sun yat-sens mausoleum.
Of sun yat-sens mausoleum burial site was selected. Sun yat-sen alive in March 1925, Mr. Sun. Dying, he asked about after my death, can be buried in nanjing zijin foothills, for nanjing interim government was established, so dont forget the xinhai revolution.
Lv Yanzhi designed by sun yat-sens mausoleum, flat as a MuDuo form, shape such as clock, a symbol of the sun spirit, such as a loud bell, no far, this design is the most accord with arouse people meaning. In Mr Will be buried in Shanghai think simple solid and completely according to the spirit of ancient Chinese architecture, to unanimously decided to adopt, mausoleum first anniversary of the death of sun yat-sen founded on June 1, 1926, was completed in the spring of 1929.
中山陵英語(yǔ)導(dǎo)游詞簡(jiǎn)潔 9
Sun yat-sens mausoleum friends, came to a famous historical and cultural city, you must want to see the most famous, the most distinctive local attractions. In nanjing, if did not go to sun yat-sens mausoleum, say that you see only the half of nanjing. Although nanjing, long known as the six dynasties ancient capital, has jinling 40 landscape and so on numerous scenic spots and historical sites, but sun yat-sens mausoleum is undoubtedly one of the most attractive, one of the most famous.
Speaking of sun yat-sens mausoleum, of course, must be mentioned in its master, the great national - the main revolutionary forerunner sun yat-sen. Mr. Sun name sun yat-sen,. Foreign friends all call him Dr. Sun yat-sen. Because he is engaged in revolutionary activities in Japan when used pseudonym zhongshan firewood, so he is regarded as sun yat-sen in China. Sun yat-sen was born on November 12, 1866 in xiangshan county (now zhongshan city) in guangdong province tsui a peasant family. He flew high and rare successively studied in Honolulu, Hong Kong and other places, to practice medicine in places such as guangzhou, Macao after graduation. Later he medical politics, and in Japan in 1905, the organization to China union, had been pushing for the prime minister, put forward the drive out by lu, to restore the, the establishment of the people - the average land ownership of the famous platform, and the nation, civil rights, the peoples livelihood - the doctrine of three people.
On October 10, 1911 years after the outbreak of the wuchang uprising, Mr Sun was seventeen provinces represent pushing for the Chinese people - the temporary President, and the following year New Years day was sworn into office in nanjing. Since then, has experienced the yuan shikai mean second revolution nation sports ups and downs, such as the method of protection - movement in guangzhou in 1921, he became the Chinese people - the President very much. Chinese nationalist party (KMT) held in guangzhou in January 1924 the first national congress, he will be the old three people - development for the new three people -, put forward the which was allied with Russia the peasants of the three policy. In November the same year he came at the invitation of the feng yuxiang north discuss national plans, eventually because became ill because of overwork, died in Beijing on March 12, 1925.
Sun yat-sens mausoleum burial site is Mr. Sun was selected. This vision, meteorological ambitious, indeed is a good place to build mausoleum. You may ask; Mr. Sun was born in guangdong, died in Beijing, all his life to travel around for the revolution, why choose nanjing as a final resting place?
It is said that as early as in 1912 as temporary President Mr. Sun, soul valley temple abbot monk is has been recommended to him the would in the former, with green ailian feng shui treasure. That year on March 31, Mr Zhongshan for the peaceful reunification, resolutely resigned from the presidency. One day in early April, his hunting around with hu and others to the Ming tomb, came to rest now tomb is located. Mr. Sun looked around and said to the left and right sides, after the death of my future want to the land to bury the national obtained (national begging for me after I died someday, to be a pile of soil in place for body). The purple mountain, of course, the momentum of feng shui is not Mr. Sun as the root cause of this decision. Mr Sun last asked: after my death, can be buried in nanjing zijin foothills, for nanjing interim government was established, so dont forget the xinhai revolution. So, although Mr Sun in nanjing residence time is not long, but nanjing is has special significance for Mr. Sun. He chose nanjing purple mountain as a burial site, fundamentally speaking, is to commemorate the revolution, the revolution colleagues.
中山陵英語(yǔ)導(dǎo)游詞簡(jiǎn)潔 10
Dear friends, coming to a famous historical and cultural city, you must want to see the most famous and distinctive scenic spots in the local area. To Nanjing, if you did not go to Sun Yat-sen Mausoleum, you can say that you only saw half of the city of Nanjing. Although Nanjing is known as the "ancient capital of Six Dynasties" and has many places of interest, such as the "40 Sights of Jinling", the Sun Yat-sen Mausoleum is undoubtedly the most attractive and well-known one.
Speaking of Sun Yat-sen Mausoleum, of course, we must mention its master - the great Chinese democratic revolution forerunner Dr. Sun Yat-sen. Mr. Suns real name Sun Wen, word Yi Xian. Foreign friends call him "Dr. Sun Yat-sen". Because he used the pseudonym "Zhongshan Qiao" when engaged in revolutionary activities in Japan, he was honored as Mr. Sun Yat-sen in China. Sun Yat-sen was born on November 12, 1866, into a peasant family in Cuiheng Village, Xiangshan County (todays Zhongshan City), Guangdong Province. He rarely ambitious, has studied in Honolulu, Hong Kong and other places, after graduation in Guangzhou, Macao and other places to practice medicine. Later, he gave up medicine and entered politics, and in 1905, he organized the Chinese Tongmeng Association in Japan, and was elected as the famous program of "driving out slavery, restoring China, establishing a republic of China, and equalizing land rights", and the theory of "nationality, civil rights, and peoples livelihood". After the outbreak of the Wuchang Uprising on October 10, 1911, Mr. Sun was elected Provisional President of the Republic of China by representatives of 17 provinces, and was sworn in in Nanjing on New Years Day of the following year. After that, he experienced the ups and downs of "Yuan Shikai stealing the country", "the Second Revolution", "the national Protection Movement" and "the legal protection Movement", and so on. In 1921, he became the president of the Republic of China in Guangzhou. At the first National Congress of the Chinese Kuomintang held in Guangzhou in January 1924, he developed the old Three Peoples Principles into the new Three Peoples Principles and put forward the three major policies of "United Russia and the United Party to help the peasants and workers". In November of the same year, at the invitation of Feng Yuxiang, he went to the north to discuss the national plan, and eventually became ill from overwork and died in Beijing on March 12, 1925.
The site of Sun Shan Mausoleum was chosen by Mr. Sun during his lifetime. With its wide view and majestic weather, it is indeed a good place to build a mausoleum. You might ask; Mr. Sun was born in Guangdong and died in Beijing. He traveled all his life for the revolution. Why did he choose Nanjing as his final resting place?
It is said that as early as 1912, when Mr. Sun took office as interim president, the abbot monk of Linggu Temple had recommended to him this geomancy treasure land of "flat river in front and green mountain in back". On March 31 of that year, in order to seek the peaceful reunification of the North and the South, Mr. Sun Yat-sen resolutely resigned as president. One day in early April, he and Hu Hanmin and others went hunting around Ming Xiaoling Mausoleum and came to the site of the mausoleum to rest. Mr. Sun looked around and said to his side, When I die, I want to ask the people for this land to bury me (after I die, I want to ask the people for a handful of earth to put my body). Of course, the momentum of Purple Mountain feng shui is not the fundamental reason for Mr. Suns decision. Before his death, Mr. Sun said, "After my death, I can be buried at the foot of Zijin Mountain in Nanjing, because Nanjing was the place where the provisional government was established, so I will not forget the Revolution of 1911." Therefore, although Mr. Suns stay in Nanjing was not long, Nanjing was of special significance to Mr. Sun. He chose Nanjing Purple Mountain as the tomb site, fundamentally speaking, to commemorate the revolution of 1911 and inspire revolutionary colleagues.
In order to respect Mr. Suns last wish, Sun Yat-sens funeral Preparation Office, composed of his wife, Soong Ching Ling, Sun Ke and others, visited the site, selected the tomb site, divided 2,000 mu of land to repair the tomb, and published an award to collect the mausoleum design. Among the many applicants, the bell pattern designed by young architect Lv Yanzhi was unanimously awarded the first prize, and he was also hired to preside over the entire project. On March 12, 1926, the first anniversary of Mr. Suns death, a foundation stone laying ceremony was held. After more than three years and 1.5 million silver dollars, the Mausoleum was finally completed in the spring of 1929. Unfortunately, Lv Yanzhi, a talented young architect who studied in the United States, worked hard and devoted himself to the construction of the tomb. Unfortunately, he suffered from liver cancer like Mr. Sun and died at the age of 35 near the end of the project. On June 1, 1929, the Fengan Grand Ceremony was held, and Mr. Suns body was transported from Beijing to Nanjing. Since then, Mr. Sun has been sleeping here for more than 60 years.
The construction of Sun Yat-sen Mausoleum can be said to be a major event in the construction history of Nanjing. In order to meet Mr. Suns Linshu, Nanjing built the first asphalt road - Zhongshan Road from Zhongshan Pier in the west to Zhongshan Gate in the east, which is as long as 24 miles. Until today, Zhongshan Road is still one of the most important traffic arteries in Nanjing. At the same time, the Ming Dynasty gate Chaoyangmen was renovated and renamed Zhongshan Gate. A cemetery road was also built between Zhongshan Gate and Zhongshan Mausoleum. Just as Parisians are proud of the Champs Elysees and New Yorkers are proud of Fifth Avenue, Nanjing people are most proud of their citys beautiful boulevards. And this 3km long cemetery Road is undoubtedly the best representative of Nanjing Avenue. On both sides of this "shady corridor", Nanjings most important street tree - wutong tree is planted. People used to call it the French plane tree, but traced back to the source, it is our Chinese "local specialties". Only when the French transplanted it from Yunnan to the French Concession in Shanghai, did it get such a name now.
Drive out of Zhongshan Gate, along the cemetery Road, the end is the Sun Yat-sen Mausoleum in front of the half-moon square. Please look to the south. To the south of the square is an octagonal stone platform. The bronze tripod with two ears and three feet on the platform, weighing 5,000 kilograms, 4.25 meters high and 1.23 meters in diameter, is one of the commemorative decorations of the Sun Yat-sen Mausoleum. This ding was cast in the autumn of 1933 and donated by all the teachers and students of Sun Yat-sen University in Guangzhou and Dai Jitao. One side of the tripod is cast with the words "wisdom, benevolence and courage", which is the school motto of Sun Yat-sen University. Inside the tripod there is a hexagonal bronze medal engraved with the full text of the book of Filial Piety.
From the square to step up, facing is a four columns and three gates of the sky type stone archway. Built between 1931 and 1933, the archway is 12 meters high and 17.3 meters wide. It is built with large blocks of Fujian granite, but with traditional Chinese wooden structures. Everyone looked up and saw the word "fraternity" in the middle of the squares forehead. These two words are Mr. Suns handwriting, originally from the Tang Dynasty Han Yu "Yuan Dao" "universal love for benevolence". It is said that Mr. Sun loved these two words when he was alive. Mr. Sun devoted his whole life to the bourgeois democratic revolution with the great spirit of fraternity and fought for the independence and freedom of the nation. It can be said that the word "fraternity" is a high generalization and the best portrayal of his life.
Walking from Poai Square, there is a section of tomb road 480 meters long and tens of meters wide. The overall design of Sun Yat-sen Mausoleum highlights the traditional Chinese style, solemn and solemn, with unique characteristics. In order to reflect the greatness of Mr. Sun, the Mausoleum of Sun Shan follows the ancient practice of taking the mountain as the tomb, and the tomb chamber is built at the highest point of the mausoleum, about 160 meters above sea level. In addition, the architectural vegetation of the whole cemetery area stresses axial symmetry, which gives people a sense of solemnity. Please look forward and go up the slope to the north. There are the mausoleum gate, the stele pavilion, the memorial hall and the tomb room behind the memorial hall. The cedars, junipers, ginkgo biloba and red maple on both sides of the tomb are opposite each other, replacing the ancient stone figures and stone beasts, symbolizing Mr. Suns revolutionary spirit and noble quality. Cedar is one of the four major ornamental trees in the world and has become the city tree of Nanjing.
At the end of the passage is a platform. According to Lv Yanzhis design, the whole mausoleum plane is in the shape of "wooden tudors". Tudor, its what we usually call a big bell. In ancient times it was used to declare church and state laws and war decrees. Tudors voice is loud, and it spreads far, and has the metaphorical meaning of "making the whole world enlightened." The choice of such a schema in the tomb reminds people of Mr. Suns famous saying that "the revolution has not yet succeeded, and comrades still need to work hard", and its intention is also warning future generations. The platform square here is the lower edge of the "Freedom Bell" designed by Lv Yanzhi. This magnificent three arches is the official beginning of the mausoleum area. It is 16 meters high, 27 meters wide and 8.8 meters deep, and is also made of Fujian granite. On the banner of the middle gate is Sun Yat-sens handwritten "The world is for the public", from the "Li Ji. Li Yun" in the "road travel also, the world is for the public", meaning that the state power is not the world of any family, but the world of the people, the people of the world. This is the ideal of Mr. Suns lifelong struggle, and it is also an excellent annotation of the Three Peoples Principles he advocated.
Beyond the mausoleum gate is the pavilion of a stone tablet. In the middle of the pavilion, on this 9-meter-high giant tablet, there are 24 big characters in gold face engraved in the handwriting of Tan Yan-kai, a Kuomintang veteran, "The Chinese Kuomintang burials Mr. Sun here on June 1, 18th year of the Republic of China." When the stele was originally discussed, it was planned that Wang Jingwei, Hu Hanmin and others would write inscriptions and epitaphs respectively. It took two years to write it. Everyone thought that Mr.s ideological achievements could not be summarized by words, so they simply did not write inscriptions, and used the present form.
Out of the pavilion, facing the stone steps one after another. Nanjing people often say that the steps of Sun Yat-sen Mausoleum are like the stone lions of Lugou Bridge - countless. So visitors who come here often ask: how many steps are there in the Mausoleum?
Dear friends, you may as well count and see, how about that?
Coming to the platform near the top, you can see a pair of large bronze tripod engraved with the words "Fengan Grand Ceremony", which was donated by the Shanghai Municipal government at that time. If you look carefully, you will find two holes under the tripod on the left. Why is this? It turns out that this is the end of 1937 when the Japanese army captured Nanjing to the Sun Yat-sen Mausoleum shelling caused by these two holes are left at the time of the bomb holes. Although times have changed, these two bomb holes still remind us not to forget our national humiliation. Not far ahead is a pair of antique bronze tripod, which was presented by Mr. Suns son Sun Ke family.
Climb the stairs and finally reach the top. From this can be a birds eye view, it is better to overlook. In this place, leaning on the majestic Zhong Mountain, listening to the bursts of pine waves, I feel that the great mans noble and righteous spirit coexist with nature. The memorial hall is located halfway up Zhong Mountain. There are 392 steps from Bo ai Fang to the Memorial Hall, with a height difference of about 70 meters and a plane distance of 700 meters. If you start from the pavilion, there are 290 steps. In order to avoid monotony, the architects divided the 392 steps into 10 sections, each section of 1 platform, a total of 10 platforms. Whats more, when you look up from the bottom, you can see the stone steps without a platform; Now, when you look down, you dont see the steps, you see the platform. The 392 number is not a coincidence, but a metaphor for the 392 million compatriots in China at that time. All the way up, "high mountains, Jingxing stop", the admiration of Mr. Zhongshan can not help but arise spontaneously.
Now we are facing the memorial hall and the tomb chamber, which is the main part of the tomb. When Lu Yanzhi Du built so far, he died because of terminal illness, which often made later generations send out a sigh of "not to die first." The temple is a palace-style building with a wooden structure, 30 meters long, 25 meters wide and 29 meters high, surrounded by small fortress-like buildings, and has two Huabao arches 12.6 meters high. The roof of the memorial hall is double eaves and nine ridges, covered with blue glazed tiles, and the external walls are all made of Hong Kong granite. On the forehead of the memorial hall are the Yang-script characters "nationality", "peoples livelihood" and "civil rights", which is the most basic and most general guiding ideology of Mr. Suns revolutionary activities. At the top of the "livelihood" door in the middle, there are four words in Sun Yat-sens handwriting "Heaven and Earth Zhengqi" straight forehead.
I need you to follow me into the memorial hall. The interior of the memorial hall is paved with Yunnan white and black marble. There are 12 black stone columns with a diameter of 0.8 meters, and the walls are inlaid with black marble. You can see the full text of Sun Yat-sens handwritten Outline of the Founding of the Peoples Republic engraved on the east and west walls. The whole hall is black, white and blue as the keynote, which are traditional Chinese filial colors. The inner window inlaid with stained glass shows another western flavor under the sunlight. So the style of the combination of China and the West is in line with Mr. Suns spirit of integrating the East and the West. In the middle of the hall is a stone statue of Sun Yat-sen seated in a long robe and jacket. The statue is 4.6 meters high and the base is 2.1 meters wide. The statue was made by Paul, the world famous French-Polish sculptor of the time. Alinsky was commissioned by Sun Yat-sens funeral committee, carved from Italian white stone, and transported from Paris to the Mausoleum in 1930, at a total cost of 1.5 million francs. The six reliefs on the lower four sides of the sitting statue are six fragments of Mr. Sun engaged in revolutionary activities. They are "like holding a child, "" propagandising abroad, "" discussing revolution, "" Congressional seal, "" enlightening the deaf," and "pleading for Yuan to defend the country."
Pass the memorial hall to the tomb chamber. The tomb door is divided into two, the first is two red copper safety doors made in the United States, the door nails and copper rings on the God beast (pepper picture) are very traditional Chinese characteristics. On the lintel engraved "Noble spirit forever" banner, take Sun Yat-sen for the tomb of Huanghuagang martyrs to write. The second gate is a single bronze door with seven seal characters of "Tomb of Dr. Sun Yat-sen" written by Zhang Jingjiang.
The tomb is a hemispherical closed building with a Western-style dome top and a Mosaic Mosaic with the Kuomintang Party emblem. The interior is round, paved with marble, about 18 meters in diameter, 11 meters high, and the four walls are covered with light red marble. It is a circular marble circle in the center, 4.33 meters in diameter and 1.7 meters deep, surrounded by a 1-meter-high white marble balustrade. On the tomb in Xieng Khouang is placed a marble recusture of Mr. Sun in a MAO suit, which was made by Czech sculptor Gao Qi according to the image of Mr. Suns body. Mr. Suns copper coffin is placed about 5 meters below the lying statue. Why is the sitting statue in the memorial hall wearing a long gown and a mandarin jacket, but here it has changed to wearing a Zhongshan suit? It turned out that there were sharp conflicts between the left and right factions of the Kuomintang, and the rightists led by Chiang Kai-shek advocated that the statue wear a robe and a mandarin coat; The left advocated wearing MAO suits. The above situation arose when the two factions disagreed and went their own way.
Dear friends, whether Mr. Suns body is still in the Sun Yat-sen Mausoleum is the most concerned question of every tourist who comes here. In fact, since Mr. Suns death, his body has indeed suffered. When Mr. Sun died on March 12, 1925, his body was embalmed and temporarily placed in the Biyun Temple of Xiangshan in Beijing. In 1926, Zhang Zongchang, a warlord who had fled to Beijing after being defeated by the Northern Expeditioners, attributed his defeat to the feng shui that Mr. Suns body had placed on him. So he decided to incinerate the body. After the patriotic general Zhang Xueliang sent troops to protect the body, it was preserved, but it had been eroded by the air. On May 28, 1929, the coffin was transported from Beijing to Pukou by the Jinpu Railway and arrived at the Mausoleum of Sun Yat-sen on June 1. After the Fengan ceremony, the coffin is poured into the tomb in cement. Tomb with granite bottom, built around the partition wall, a special nanmu cushion under the copper coffin, the coffin has a layer of sealed crystal transparent plate. At the time of the memorial ceremony, standing beside the stone Khouang, the banister can pay homage to Mr. Sun Yat-sens remains. After the outbreak of the Anti-Japanese War, the Kuomintang government prepared to send the body to Chongqing; At the end of the liberation War, Chiang Kai-shek once wanted to move the body to Taiwan, but because the blasting grave would inevitably damage the body, he was strongly discouraged by patriots in the engineering field and the left of the Kuomintang, and finally made the body safely preserved until now.
There is a gate along the back wall of both sides of the square outside the memorial hall, leading to the Tomb Castle Park. In the middle is the treasure roof of the tomb, which is covered with a bell shape. On the back wall of the tomb, there is an exhibition of Historical materials on the construction of Sun Yat-sen Mausoleum. Nearly 200 pieces of precious historical materials show the construction of Sun Yat-sen Mausoleum and the whole process of Mr. Sun Yat-sens body.
In addition to the main building of the mausoleum, there are also some commemorative architectural facilities around the Mausoleum. Including the collection of Sutras building, music stage, Guanghua Pavilion, Xingjian Pavilion, Yangzhi Pavilion, flow emblem pavilion and so on. Most of them were built after the Fengan Ceremony in 1929, people from all walks of life and overseas Chinese friends donated money. In addition, the Bo ai Pavilion, located on the top of the Plum Hill, was donated by a Taiwan compatriot and completed on the 127th anniversary of Mr. Suns birth on November 12, 1993.
Dear friends, Dr. Sun Yat-sen fought for the revolution all his life and overthrew the feudal monarchy of more than two thousand years.
中山陵英語(yǔ)導(dǎo)游詞簡(jiǎn)潔 11
Dear visitors,
Hello, everyone!
Welcome to follow me to visit the Sun Yat-sen Mausoleum, Sun Yat-sen Mausoleum is located on the shore of the mighty river, located in the famous ancient capital of China - Nanjing, in the long history of Chinese development, there are 10 dynasties and regimes have been built here, many famous people are buried here, the great revolutionary pioneer Dr. Sun Yat-sen mausoleum is located in the eastern suburb of Nanjing Zhongshan Mountain south foot. Zhong Mountain is the highest peak of Ningzhen Mountain Range, about 460 meters above sea level, east-west, about 7 kilometers long, about 3 kilometers north-south width. For thousands of years, a variety of social activities have been carried out here, and many gardens, houses, temples, towers, altar platforms and mausoleums have been built, leaving countless impressive historical facts and moving legends.
On March 12, 1925, Sun Yat-sen died of liver cancer and died in Beijing. Before dying, he repeatedly said that he would like his body to be preserved like his friend Lenin and buried in Zijin Mountain, Nanjing. According to his will, the Central Executive Committee of the Kuomintang unanimously decided to build a mausoleum in Zijin Mountain, Nanjing. The first prize was awarded to the bell pattern designed by Chinese designer Lv Yanchang. The bell has the meaning of "warning" and "freedom", which symbolizes the significance and contribution of Sun Yat-sens leadership of the Chinese revolution. At the same time, it is consistent with Zhong Shan, where the mausoleum is located. It adopts the general layout of the symmetrical axis, the architectural appearance of the national form, the simple tone, the simple decoration and the large area of greening, which well shows the solemn atmosphere of the cemetery and the immortal spirit of Mr. Sun Yat-sen. Sun Yat-sen Mausoleum began construction in the spring of 1926, due to the warlord division, political chaos, the project progress is slow, until March 1929 was completed, June 1, 1929 held a grand grand Fengan point, all over the country immersed in grief, Dr. Sun Yat-sens coffin at 12 o clock, in the 101 gun salute sound, buried in the tomb. A generation of great men rested at the southern foot of Mount Zhong.
The entrance of the mausoleum is located in the southernmost part, is a three-storey glazed tile roof stone archway, under the eaves of the Ming, hanging Dr. Sun Yat-sens operation "Universal love" horizontal plaque, continue to the inside, along the tomb road, will come to the Great Mausoleum gate, Mausoleum gate 15 meters high, 24 meters wide, 8 meters deep, extraordinary, In the middle of the arch frieze engraved with Mr. Sun Yat-sens handwriting "The world is public" several golden characters, following the tomb door to the stone steps and to the pavilion, the pavilions internal steps on the 8-meter high stone monument, engraved with gold regular script "Chinese Kuomintang buried Premier Mr. Sun here, the 18th year of the Republic of China June 1." From the pavilion to the north, across the 290 steps on the 135 meters wide, 30 meters deep platform, the platform is the commanding point of the whole Mausoleum, where the vision is wide, the weather is diverse, it is easy to see, but also suitable to overlook, regardless of spring, summer, autumn and winter, wind, frost, rain and snow, nature shows people its endless wonderful scenery around. The center of the platform is the altar, the two eyes of the front of the altar are engraved with Mr. Sun Yat-sens surgery "heaven and earth", above the three round ticket doors, engraved with "nation", "civil rights", "peoples livelihood" six words, there are 12 black granite columns, the wall is black marble, and the left and right walls are engraved with Mr. Sun Yat-sens "National Government founding Outline" full text, In the north of the center of the hall, there is a white marble statue of the great revolutionary. The statue sits at eye level, serene and lifelike.
Majestic Sun Yat-sen Mausoleum, majestic momentum sets off Mr. Sun Yat-sens great character, immortal spirit, can also be, it is the symbol of Sun Yat-sens character and spirit, in the solemn atmosphere of Sun Yat-sen Mausoleum, sustens peoples infinite admiration for Mr. Sun Yat-sen.
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