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初一英語的知識點總結(jié)
總結(jié)是指對某一階段的工作、學(xué)習(xí)或思想中的經(jīng)驗或情況進行分析研究,做出帶有規(guī)律性結(jié)論的書面材料,它在我們的學(xué)習(xí)、工作中起到呈上啟下的作用,因此好好準備一份總結(jié)吧。那么如何把總結(jié)寫出新花樣呢?以下是小編為大家收集的初一英語的知識點總結(jié),供大家參考借鑒,希望可以幫助到有需要的朋友。
初一英語的知識點總結(jié) 1
1、動詞的種類(四類)
系動詞如be(is am are);情態(tài)動詞如can 、may、need;助動詞( do does);行為動詞如take、bring、eat、have(has)、like、sell、buy、sale、play、see、find、go、watch、thank、think等
2、動詞的第三人稱單數(shù)(與名詞的復(fù)數(shù)一樣)
如eat(eats) take (takes) buy (buys) play (plays) have(has) are (is)
3、動詞的時態(tài)(一般現(xiàn)在時)
( 1)含有系動詞的
I’m a Chinese boy .
She is twelve .
He is Tim’s brother .
Her mother is an English teacher .
含有系動詞的句子在變一般疑問句時只將“主語和系動詞交換位置”,上面句子變成一般疑問句時分別為
Are you a Chinese boy ?(注意第一人稱通常變?yōu)榈诙朔Q)
Is she twelve ?
Is he Tim’s brother ?
Is her mother an English teacher ?
含有系動詞的句子在變否定句時只須“在系動詞的后邊加上not”,前面的幾個了陳述句變否定句分別為
I’m not a Chinese boy.
She isn’t twelve .
He is not Tim’s btother .
Her mother isn’t an English teacher .
(2)含有情態(tài)動詞的句子( can ),
She can play basketball.
His mother’s cousin can sing many English songs.
含有情態(tài)動詞的句子在變一般疑問句時只須將“主語和情態(tài)動詞交換位置”,上面兩句變一般疑問句分別為
Can she play basketball ?
Can his mother’s cousin sing many English songs ?
含有情態(tài)動詞的句子在變否定句時直接在情態(tài)動詞的后邊加上not ,上面兩個陳述句變否定句分別為
She can not play basketball .
His mother’s cousin can not sing many English songs .
(3)含有行為動詞的句子
We have many friends.
They watch TV at 7 in the evening .
The students take their books to school .
I have lunch at school .
You have a sister .
1含有行為動詞的句子在變一般疑問句時要在原句子的前面加do.上面的句子變成一般疑問句分別為
Do you have many friends ?
Do they watch TV at 7 in the evening ?
Do the students take their books to school ?
Do you have lunch at school ?
Do you have a sister ?
2含有行為動詞的句子在變否定句時只須在行為動詞前加don’t .上述五個陳述句變否定句分別為
We don’t have many friends.
They don’t watch TV at 7 in the evening .
The students don’t take their books to school .
I don’t have lunch at school .
You don’t have a sister .
3含有行為動詞的句子,當(dāng)主語是第三人稱單數(shù)時,行為動詞要加s (或es)如:
She has a red pen .
He has eggs for breakfast .
Her mother buys a skirt for her .
She likes thrillers .
My brother watches TV every evening .
He wants to go to a movie .
含有行為動詞的句子,當(dāng)主語是第三人稱單數(shù)時,變一般疑問句要“在原句子的前面加上does,同時行為動詞要還原”。上面的句子變成一般疑問句分別為:
Does she have a red pen ?
Does he have eggs for breakfast ?
Does her mother buy a skirt for her ?
Does she like thrillers ?
Does your brother watch TV every evening ?
Does he want to go to a movie ?
含有行為動詞的句子,當(dāng)主語是第三人稱單數(shù)時,變否定句時“在行為動詞前面加does’nt ,同時原行為動詞要還原”。上面的句子變否定句分別為:
She doesn’t have a red pen .
He doesn’t have eggs for breakfast .
Her mother doesn’t buy a skirt for her .
She doesn’t like thrillers .
My brother doesn’t watch TV every evening .
He doesn’t want to go to a movie .
初一英語的知識點總結(jié) 2
There be的句子結(jié)構(gòu)
There be是一個肯定句的形式為:There be +名詞(單數(shù)或復(fù)數(shù))+地點狀語或時間狀語。
be動詞單復(fù)數(shù)的確定,看be后邊第一個名詞,當(dāng)所接主語為單數(shù)或不可數(shù)名詞時,be動詞形式為is;當(dāng)所接主語為復(fù)數(shù)名詞時,be動詞為are;當(dāng)be動詞后接兩個以上主語時,be動詞與最臨近主語保持數(shù)上的一致。意思為
There is an eraser and two pens on the desk.
There are two pens and an eraser on the desk.
(1)there be的否定句,即在be的后面加上not。
否定形式為:There be + not + (any) +名詞+地點狀語。
There is not any cat in the room.
There arent any books on the desk.
(2)there be句型的疑問句就是將be提到句首:Be there + (any) +名詞+地點狀語?肯定回答:Yes, there is /
are.否定回答:No, there isnt / arent.
Is there a dog in the picture?
Yes, there is.
Are there any boats in the river?
No, there arent.
(3)特殊疑問句:How many . . . are there (+地點狀語)?
回答用There be . . .
Theres one. / There are two / three / some . . .
有時直接就用數(shù)字來回答。One. / Two . . .
How many students are there in the classroom?
Theres only one. / There are nine.
(4)如果名詞是不可數(shù)名詞,用:How much +不可數(shù)名詞+ is there +地點狀語? Eg:How much water is
there in the cup?
How much food is there in the bowl?
初一英語的知識點總結(jié) 3
1、speak的用法speak與say不同:speak表示“說”的動作,不表示“說”的內(nèi)容;say則表示“說”的內(nèi)容。speak后面除了能接“語言”外,不能直接接?xùn)|西,后面加了to則表示“對。說”。
help sb.with sth.(幫助某人做/補習(xí)、want to do sth.(想要做某事、would like to do all(一點都不、;Not at all.(沒關(guān)系/別介意、like...a lot=like...very much
2、some和any的區(qū)別:口訣:some用于肯定句,否定、疑問變any。例如:I have some money.I dont have any money.Do you have any money?
3、have a seat=take a seat(請隨便坐、
4、祈使句(表示命令或請求的句子、祈使句一般都省略了主語You,所以其否定句直接用Dont開頭。例如:Dont go there!
5、問職業(yè):What does sb.do?What is sb.?Whats sb.s job?
6、work與job的區(qū)別:work是未必有報酬的“工作”,例如homework,housework;而job則一定是有報酬的“工作”。
7、on指在物體的。表面,不論這個面是否水平的,例如:on the desk/wall/farm/play ground 8、in hospital(住院、;in the hospital(在醫(yī)院里、look after(照料/照顧/照看、help oneself(請自便/隨便吃、
9、表示“建議”的句型:“做某事如何?”Whatabout(doing)sth.?(英式英語、Howabout(doing)sth.?(美式英語、Whydontyoudosth.?=Whynotdosth.?
10、“吃”一日三餐要用have:have breakfast/lunch/supper have...forbreakfast/lunch/supper take ones order be kind to sb.
初一英語的知識點總結(jié) 4
this,that,these和those是指示代詞,these是this的復(fù)數(shù)形式,指時間,距離較近的或下面要提到的人或事;those是that的復(fù)數(shù)形式,指時間、距離較遠或前面已經(jīng)提到過的人或事物。
①This is my bed.That is Lily’s bed.這是我的床。那是莉莉的床。
、赥hese pictures are good.那些畫很好。
、跘re those apple trees?那些是蘋果樹嗎?
在回答主語是these或those的疑問句時,通常用they代替these或those以避免重復(fù)。如:
、蹵re these/those your apples?這些(那些)是你的蘋果嗎?
Yes,they are.是的,他們是。
希望同學(xué)們能夠認真閱讀最新初一英語知識點these和those用法,努力提高自己的學(xué)習(xí)成績。
初一英語的知識點總結(jié) 5
能用作賓語補足語的過去分詞一般都是及物動詞,表示被動意義或已完成意義,有時候兩者兼而有之。作賓語補足語的過去分詞與賓語有邏輯上的動賓關(guān)系,即賓語是過去分詞動作的對象。
She found the door broken in when she came back.她回來時發(fā)現(xiàn)有人破門而人。
My grandfather had his old house rebuilt.我爺爺找人重修了一下他的舊房子。
少數(shù)不及物動詞的過去分詞用作賓補時,強調(diào)動作完成后的狀態(tài).
They found all the guests gone when they woke up.當(dāng)他們醒來時,發(fā)現(xiàn)所有的客人都走了。
動詞-ed形式作賓語補足語的基本用法
動詞的-ed形式可以在“主語+謂語+賓語+賓語補足語”句型中充當(dāng)賓語補足語。在這一結(jié)構(gòu)中,動詞-ed形式和它前面的賓語構(gòu)成邏輯上的被動關(guān)系。如果這種句子改為被動語態(tài),原來的賓語補足語變成了主語補足語。
1. I must get my bike repaired.我必須請人修理自行車。(賓語補足語)
2. The girl was found beaten black and blue.人們發(fā)現(xiàn)那女孩被打得青一塊紫一塊。(主語補足語)
(1)動詞-ed形式可作表示感覺和心理狀態(tài)的動詞的賓語補足語,這類動詞包括see, hear, watch, notice, feel, find, think, suppose, consider等。
We thought the game lost.我們認為球賽輸了。
I have never heard him spoken ill of others.我從未聽過有人說他的壞話。
They considered the matter settled.他們認為這問題解決了。
(2)動詞-ed形式可作使役動詞的賓語補足語,這類動詞包括make, get, have, keep, leave, hold等。
I have my hair cut once a month.我每個月理一次發(fā)。
He was trying to make himself understood.他正努力使別人聽懂自己。
“have+賓語+done”結(jié)構(gòu)有三個含義:
、(請人)把某事做完。She had her house repaired.她請人把屋子修好了。
Where did you have your hair cut?你在哪兒理的發(fā)?
、谠庥瞿撤N意外情況。He had his hat blown away on his way home.在回家的路上他的帽子被吹掉了。
She had her wallet stolen yesterday.昨天她的錢包被偷了。
、弁瓿赡呈(自己也可能參與)。I have had all my spelling mistakes corrected.我把所有的拼寫錯誤都改正了。
He has had one thousand yuan saved this year.他今年已存了1000元。
(3)動詞-ed形式可作表示希望、要求、命令等動詞的賓語補足語,這類動詞包括like,want, wish, expect, order等”這一類動詞的后面作賓語補足語。
He won’t like such questions discussed at the meeting.他不喜歡在會議上討論這樣的問題。
The students wish the TV serial plays continued.學(xué)生們希望電視連續(xù)劇繼續(xù)播下去。
(4)過去分詞用在“with+賓語+賓補”這一結(jié)構(gòu)中,過去分詞與賓語之間是動賓關(guān)系。
The thief was brought in with his hands tied behind his back.小偷被帶進來了,雙手被反綁在后面。
初一英語的知識點總結(jié) 6
詞匯
1.中學(xué)階段常見科目
Chinese語文
P.E.體育
art美術(shù)
science科學(xué)
music音樂
math數(shù)學(xué)
history歷史
biology生物
physics物理
chemistry化學(xué)
2.“favorite+名詞”表示“最喜歡的……”
Favorite city 最喜歡的城市
Favorite food 最喜歡的食物
Favorite color 最喜歡的顏色
Favorite TV show 最喜歡的電視秀
Favorite sport 最喜歡的運動
Favorite subject 最喜歡的科目
3.on Monday 在星期一
4.“have+學(xué)科名詞”表示“上……課”
Have math 上數(shù)學(xué)課
Have science 上科學(xué)課
5.my music teacher 我的音樂老師
6.My last class 我的最后一節(jié)課
7.Be tired 疲勞的(相當(dāng)于feel tired)
8.After lunch 午飯后
After class 下課后
9.play+球類名詞
10.Play with sth. 和某物玩耍
Play with my dog 和我的狗一起玩耍
句式
1.詢問某人最喜歡的物品的句型
—What’s your favorite subject?
—My favorite subject is science
2.詢問原因的句型及答語—Why do you like P.E.?
—Because it’s fun.
3.詢問某人的句型及答語
—Who is your science teacher?
—My science teacher is Mr Wang.
4.主系表結(jié)構(gòu)——sb. + be動詞 + 形容詞
I’m really busy!
5.主系表結(jié)構(gòu)——sth. + be動詞 + 形容詞
It’s difficult, but interesting.
Music is relaxing.
6.and連接的并列句
Our teacher is very strict and I’m usually very tired after.
句型:
What’s your favorite subject?
My favorite subject is math.
What’s his favorite subject?
His favorite subject is art.
What’s her favorite subject?
Her favorite subject is P.E.
What subject do you like best? I like math best.
Why do you like math? Because it’s interesting.
Why does he like art? Because it’s fun.
Who is your art teacher?
Our art teacher is Mrs. Jones.
I’m really busy doing my homework.
She is busy with her work.
I have science. It’s too difficult.
I’m really tired of watching TV
I like to play with my dog.
He is always running around with me.
結(jié)構(gòu):
1, favorite = like… best 最喜愛……
2, be busy doing sth 忙于做某事
be busy with sth 忙于某事
3, be tired of doing sth 做……感到厭煩
初一英語的知識點總結(jié) 7
今天我們來通過“介詞的分類”統(tǒng)觀一下英語中有哪些介詞以及介詞都有哪些用法,所以說目的不是要讓大家記住分類,而是大致瀏覽一下各類介詞哦。
從介詞本身的結(jié)構(gòu)來看:
1. 簡單介詞:at, in, on, since, from
2. 復(fù)合介詞:as for 至于;as to 關(guān)于;out of 從,出自;into 進入;onto 到……上面去
3. 二重介詞:from under 從……的下面;from behind 從……的后面;until after 直到……之后;from among 從……當(dāng)中
4. 短語介詞:according to 根據(jù);ahead of 在……之前;apart from 在……之外;because of 由于;by means of 以……之手段;by way of 經(jīng)由
從介詞本身的意義來看:
1. 表示時間的介詞
about, around, before, by, at, after, in, on, around, between, during, for, from, since, till, until, within
2. 表示地點的介詞
about, at, in, on, over, through, across, along, around, before, between, beyond, down, up, to, toward, under, near
3. 表示方式的介詞
by bus 乘公共汽車
see with ones own eyes 親眼看...
write in ink 用墨水寫...
on foot 步行,徒步
He looked at me without expression. 他毫無表情地看著我。
4. 表示原因的介詞
He was punished for stealing. 他因偷竊而被懲罰。
suffer from a cold 患傷風(fēng)
be ashamed of 因……而感到羞愧
shake with cold 因寒冷而發(fā)抖
5. 表示關(guān)于的介詞
What is the book about? 這本書是關(guān)于什么內(nèi)容的?(about關(guān)于一般情況)
I heard him talk on Chinese medicine last night. 昨晚我聽到他講中國醫(yī)學(xué)。(on關(guān)于理論、學(xué)術(shù))
a long story of adventure 一個長篇冒險故事
6. 表示比較的介詞
His face is as black as coal. 他的臉跟煤炭一樣黑。
He saw a number of small hard things like stones. 他看見一些像石頭一樣的小小的堅硬的東西。
7. 表示除外的介詞
He works every day but Sunday. 除星期天外,他每天都工作。
We all went except Tom. 除湯姆外,我們都去了。
The letter is good except for the spelling. 這封信除了拼寫錯誤之外,還算是很通順的。
Besides English, he studies German and French. 除英語外,他還學(xué)習(xí)德語和法語。(besides中文譯成“除……外”,實則表示包含在內(nèi)。)
8. 表示條件的介詞
With your help, we might finish the work earlier. 有你的幫助,我們可能早點做完這工作。
Man cannot live without water. 如果沒有水人就不能活。
9. 表示結(jié)果的介詞
She tore the letter to pieces. 她把信撕個粉碎。
10. 表示對于的介詞
Sea air is good for the health. 海上的空氣對健康有好處。
To her it was all unusual. 這一切對她都很不平常。
初一英語的知識點總結(jié) 8
一、48個國際音標
及26個英文字母的正確書寫要熟練掌握元音和輔音,5個元音字母(a, e, i, o, u),字母的正確占格及單詞間距。
字母書寫同學(xué)們都應(yīng)該沒有問題的,小學(xué)已經(jīng)學(xué)了好幾年的英語了,26個字母的大小寫同學(xué)們是沒問題的,主要要注意一下單詞的書寫,特別是專有名詞(首字母必須大寫)!
二、be動詞的用法
be動詞
有三種變形,分別是:am, is, are。記憶口訣:“我”用am, “你”用are, is用于“他、她、它”;單數(shù)全都用is,復(fù)數(shù)全部都用are。
be動詞就是咱們所所說的系動詞,相對來說比較簡單,只要同學(xué)們分清楚be動詞的三種形式什么時候運用就可以了。
三、人稱及人稱代詞的不同形式(主格和賓格)
1、三種人稱:第一人稱(I, we),第二人稱(you, you),第三人稱(he, she, it, they)。
2、人稱代詞的主格,即人稱代詞位于句子主語位置時的形態(tài):I, We, You, You, He, She, It, They。
3、人稱代詞的賓格,即人稱代詞位于句子賓語位置時的形態(tài):me, us, you, you, him, her, it,them
4、形容詞性物主代詞:my, our, your, your, his, her, its, their。
5、名詞性物主代詞:mine, ours, yours, yours, his, hers, its, theirs。
6、反身代詞:myself, ourselves, yourself, yourselves, himself, herself, itself, themselves。
對于初一同學(xué)們來說,反身代詞用的相對比較少,主要把主格、賓格、和物主代詞記清楚,特別弄清楚形容性物主代詞和名詞性物主代詞的區(qū)別:形容詞性物主代詞后必須+名詞,名詞性物主代詞單獨使用,后面不能加名詞。
初一英語的知識點總結(jié) 9
(1)想干什么用wanttodosth
They want to join the sports club.他們想加入運動俱樂部。
(2)第三人稱單數(shù)作主語,want要作變化
、貶e wants to play basketball.
②LiXia wants to play the piano.
(3)變疑問句,否定句要借助助動詞do或does.
、-Do you want to play soccerball?-Yes,Ido./No,Idon’t.
、-Does he want to go home by bus?-Yes,he does./No,he doesn’t.
希望同學(xué)們能夠認真閱讀最新初一英語知識點want用法,努力提高自己的學(xué)習(xí)成績。
初一英語的知識點總結(jié) 10
like一詞的用法
like用作及物動詞,譯為“喜歡”。
(1)后接名詞或代詞,表示喜歡某人或某物。如:
I like the baby very much. 我非常喜歡這個小孩。
(2)后接動名詞(v. -ing),表示“喜歡做某事”,著重于習(xí)慣、愛好。如:
Tom likes playing football. 湯姆喜歡踢足球。
(3)后接動詞不定式(to do ),表示“偶爾地喜歡做某事”,著重于某次具體的行為。如:
I like reading, but I like to watch TV this evening. 我喜歡讀書,但我今晚想看電視。
句子單數(shù)變復(fù)數(shù),注意以下五要素
(1)主格人稱代詞要變成相應(yīng)的復(fù)數(shù)主格人稱代詞,即I→we, you→you,she,he,it→ they。
如:She is a girl. →They are girls.
(2)am,is要變?yōu)閍re。如:
I’m a student. →We are students.
(3)不定冠詞a,an要去掉。如:
He is a boy. →They are boys.
(4)普通單數(shù)名詞要變?yōu)閺?fù)數(shù)形式。如:
It is an apple. →They are apples.
(5)指示代詞this,that要變?yōu)閠hese,those。如:
This is a box. →These are boxes.
英語日期的表示法
英語中月份和星期名稱都是專有名詞,它們的首字母必須大寫,并且前面無需用冠詞。
用英語表示日期,其順序為月+日+年,日和年之間需用逗號隔開。如:August 2nd,2003(2003年8月2日)。也可以用日+月+年來表示。如:10th May,2003(2003年5月10日)英語日期前介詞的使用:若指在哪一年或哪一月,則用介詞in,若具體到某一天,則需用介詞on。
時間的表達法
(1) 直讀式,即直接讀出時間數(shù)字
7: 05 seven five 8:16 eight sixteen
(2) 過、差式,即幾點差幾分,幾點過幾分。(以30分為分界線)
1:25 twenty-five past one 2:30 half past two
3:43 seventeen to four 4:38 twenty-two to five
(3)12小時制
6:00 a.m. 上午6點 8:20 p.m. 下午8點20分
(4)24小時制
13:00 13點鐘 22:15 22點15分
(5)15分可用quarter
4:15 a quarter past four 5:45 a quarter to six
(6)時間前通常用at.
at 5 o’clock at 7:30 p.m.
want用法
(1)想干什么用want to do sth
They want to join the sports club. 他們想加入運動俱樂部。
(2)第三人稱單數(shù)作主語,want要作變化
、貶e wants to play basketball.
、贚i Xia wants to play the piano.
(3)變疑問句,否定句要借助助動詞do或does.
①-Do you want to play soccer ball ? -Yes , I do . / No , I don’t.
、冢璂oes he want to go home by bus ? -Yes , he does . / No , he doesn’t.
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